Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of Different Dietary Manganese Levels on Growth Performance and N Balance of Growing Mink (Neovision vision)

  • Published:
Biological Trace Element Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of dietary manganese levels on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, and N balance of minks during growing period. In experiment 1, 75 healthy male minks (60 days old) were selected and randomly divided into five groups with different types of diet. The diet was supplemented with 0 (control), 50, 100, 300, and 600 ppm of manganese as MnSO4 of dry matter (DM) in basic diet, respectively. From early July to middle September, the results showed that the final body weights of minks were significantly affected by diets (P < 0.05). Average daily gains (ADG) were significantly higher in the 300-ppm manganese group than those in other groups. The ratio of feed to body weight gain (F/G) was significantly affected by manganese level (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, 45 male minks (75 days old) with the same body weight were selected from each group of experiment 1 to carry out the nutrient digestion and N-balance tests which lasted for 4 days for the collection of the feces and urine, and the diets and treatment codes were same as in experiment 1. The results showed that no significant differences were found in DM, crude protein (CP), and crude carbohydrate (CC) digestibility among all groups (P > 0.05), but ether extract (EE) and gross energy (GE) digestibility were all the highest in the 300-ppm group. N intake and fecal N were similar among all groups (P > 0.05). Urinary N was lower in the 300-ppm group; in contrast, N retention was higher in this group (P < 0.05). In conclusion of experiment 1 and experiment 2, the diet supplemented with 300 ppm of manganese (as manganese sulfate) could improve the growth performance and increase the EE and GE digestibility of mink during the growing period and moreover reduce the nitrogen emissions to the environment, and the optimal total manganese level in mink’s diet was 409.16 in DM during the growing period.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hurley LS, Keen CL (1987) Manganese. In: Underwood E, Mertz W (eds) Trace elements in human health and animal nutrition. Academic, New York, pp 185–225

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Wood AJ (1962) Nutrient requirements of the mink. West Fur Farmer 1:10

    Google Scholar 

  3. Erway LC, Mitchell SE (1973) Prevention of otolith defect in pastel mink by manganese supplementation. J Hered 64(3):111–119

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Easter RA, Baker DH (1980) Lysine and protein level in corn-soybean meal diets for growing-finishing pigs. Anim Sci 50:467–471

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gruber K, Roth FX, Kirchgessner M (2000) Effect of partial dietary amino acid reductions on growth rate and nitrogen balance in growing chicks. Arch Geflugelkd 64:244–250

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Morse MH, Mark DH, William JE, Wayne WC (2001) Protein requirement of elderly women:nitrogen balance responses to three levels of protein intake. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 56(11):724–730

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zhang HH, Li GY et al (2012) Effects of diets with different protein and DL-methionine levels on the growth performance and N-balance of growing minks. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 96:436–441

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Black JR, Ammerman CB, Henry PR et al (1984) Biological availability of manganese sources and effects of high dietary manganese on tissue mineral composition of broil-type chicks. Poult Sci 63(10):1999–2006

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Swiatkiewicz S, Koreleski J (2008) The effect of zinc and manganese source in the diet for laying hens on eggshell and bones quality. Vet Med 53(10):555–563

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bao YM, Choct M, Iji PA, Bruerton K (2007) Effect of organically complexed copper, iron, manganese, and zinc on broiler performance, mineral excretion, and accumulation in tissues. J Appl Poult Res 16:448–455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Sawyer JT, Tittor AW, Apple JK, Morgan JB, Maxwell CV, Rakes LR, Fakler TM (2007) Effects of supplemental manganese on performance of growing-finishing pigs and pork quality during retail display. J Anim Sci 85:1046–1053

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Taylan A, Bulent O, Devrim SA, Mehmet AY, Mehmet G (2011) The effects of lower levels of organically complexed zinc, copper and manganese in broiler diets on performance, mineral concentration of tibia and mineral excretion. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 17(1):141–146

    Google Scholar 

  13. Jørgensen G, Glem-Hansen N (1973) A cage designed for metabolism and nitrogen balance trials with mink. Acta Agric Scand 23:3–4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. AOAC (2003) Official methods of analysis, 13th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, pp 125–139

    Google Scholar 

  15. Dallman T, Kiiskinen T, Mäkelä J, Niemelä P, Syrjälä-Qvist L, Valaja J, Jalava T (2002) Digestibility and nitrogen utilization of diets containing protein at different levels and supplemented with DL-methioninine, L-methionine and L-lisine in blue fox (Alopexlagopus). Anim Feed Sci Technol 98:219–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hansen NE, Finne L, Skrede A, Tauson AH (1991) Energy supply for the mink and the fox. Nordic Association of Agricultural Scientists, Copenhagen

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lassén TM, Tauson AH, Watt KR, Sandbol P, Koskinen N et al (2012) Energy and main nutrients in feed for mink and foxes, 2nd edn. Nordic Association of Agricultural, Finland, pp 29–31, Scientists Subsection for Fur Animals Nutrition and Feeding Committee

    Google Scholar 

  18. SAS (2002) Statistical analysis system. SAS/STAT user’s guide, version 8.2. SAS Institute, Cary

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bolze MS, Reeves RD, Lindbeck FE, Kemp SM, Elders MJ (1985) Influence of manganese on growth somatomedin and glycosaminoglycan metabolism. J Nutr 54:352–362

    Google Scholar 

  20. Fahim FA, Morcos NYS, Esmat AY (1990) Effects of dietary magnesium and/or manganese variables on the growth rate and metabolism of mice. Ann Nutr Metab 34:183–192

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Black JR, Ammerman CB, Henry PR (1985) Effects of high dietary manganese as manganese oxide or manganese carbonate in sheep. J Anim Sci 60:861–866

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ivan M, Hidiroglou M (1980) Effect of dietary manganese on growth and manganese metabolism in sheep. J Dairy Sci 63:385

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Hidiroglou M, Ho SK, Standish JF (1978) Effects of dietary manganese levels on reproductive performance of ewes and on tissue mineral composition of ewes and day-old lambs. Can J Anim Sci 58:35–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Freeland-Graves JH, Llanes C (1994) Models to study manganese deficiency. In: Klimis-Tavantzis DJ (ed) Manganese in health and disease. CRC, Boca Raton, pp 115–120

    Google Scholar 

  25. Keen CL, Ensunsa JL, Watson MH, Baly DL, Donovan SM, Monaco MH, Clegg MS (1999) Nutritional aspects of manganese from experimental studies. Neurotoxicology 20:213–223

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Devrim SA, Taylan A, Bulent O (2010) The effects of lower supplementation levels of organically complexed minerals (zinc, copper and manganese) versus inorganic forms on hematological and biochemical parameters in broilers. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 16(4):553–559

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lu L, Ji C, Luo XG, Liu B, Yu SX (2006) The effect of supplemental manganese in broiler diets on abdominal fat deposition and meat quality. Anim Feed Sci Technol 129:9–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Sands JS, Smith MO (1999) Broilers in heat stress conditions: effects of dietary manganese proteinate or chromium picolinate supplementation. J Appl Poult Res 8:280–287

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Erikson KM, Syversen T, Aschner JL, Aschner M (2005) Interactions between excessive manganese exposure and dietary iron-deficiency in neurodegeneration. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 19:415–421

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Kim WK, Patterson PH (2003) Effect of minerals on activity of microbial uricase to reduce ammonia volatilization in poultry manure. Poult Sci 82:223–231

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Hunde A, Patterson P, Ricke S, Kim WK (2012) Supplementation of poultry feeds with dietary zinc and other minerals and compounds to mitigate nitrogen emission—a review. Biol Trace Elem Res 147:386–394

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The financial support is from the Special Fund for Public Welfare Technology Research of Agricultural Industry (200903014). The authors thank all the crew at the fur farming of the Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China

    H. H. Zhang, N. Zhou, T. T. Zhang, K. Bao, C. Xu, X. C. Song & G. Y. Li

  2. Agriculture College of Yanbian University, 133002, YanJi, China

    N. Zhou

Authors
  1. H. H. Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. N. Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. T. Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. Bao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. C. Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. X. C. Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. G. Y. Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. Y. Li.

Additional information

H. H. Zhang and N. Zhou contributed equally to the work.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, H.H., Zhou, N., Zhang, T.T. et al. Effects of Different Dietary Manganese Levels on Growth Performance and N Balance of Growing Mink (Neovision vision). Biol Trace Elem Res 160, 206–211 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0008-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0008-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation