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Assessment of Culture Systems to Produce Bacterial Cellulose with a Kombucha Consortium

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Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an emerging material for high-end applications due to its biocompatibility and physicochemical characteristics. However, the scale-up production of this material is still expensive, with the culture medium constituting one-third of the total cost. Herein, four different media (yeast nitrogen base, YNB; Murashige and Skoog, MSO; black tea; and NPK fertilizer solution) were compared while using sucrose as an additional carbon source. The yields of BC were best for YNB and fertilizer with 0.37 and 0.34 gBC/gC respectively. These two were then compared using glucose as a carbon source, with improvements in the production of 29% for the fertilizer, while only an 8% increase for YNB was seen; however, as the carbon concentration increased with a fixed N concentration, the yield was lower but the rate of production of BC increased. The obtained BC films were sanitized and showed low molecular weight and all the expected cellulose characteristic FT-IR bands while SEM showed nanofibers around 0.1 μm. Compared to traditional methods for lab-scale production, the use of the fertilizer and the consortium represent benefits compared to traditional lab-scale BC culture methods such as a competitive cost (two times lower) while posing resilience and tolerance to stress conditions given that it is produced by microbial communities and not with a single strain. Additionally, the low molecular weight of the films could be of interest for certain coating formulations.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge José David Sepúlveda Sánchez and Guadalupe Cruz-Barrera for assistance with SEM and GPC respectively, as well as LEACSA for providing access to the GPC extension software.

Funding

This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías in Mexico, Projects B134267/47410235 and 287615, and the Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado (PROMEP-SEP), grants UAM-PTC-140 and No. 47410256.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Cuajimalpa, 05348, Mexico City, Mexico

    Maribel Hernández-Guerrero, Sergio Revah, José Campos-Terán & Gabriel Vigueras-Ramírez

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Diego Gomez-Maldonado

  3. Ingeniería Biológica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Cuajimalpa, 05348, Mexico City, Mexico

    Jorge Gutiérrez-Castañeda

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  1. Maribel Hernández-Guerrero
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  2. Diego Gomez-Maldonado
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MHG: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis, data curation, visualization, resources, supervision, funding acquisition, project administration, writing—original draft. DGM: visualization, writing—original draft. JGC: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis. SR: resources, writing—review and editing. JCT: resources, writing—review and editing. GVR: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis, visualization, resources, supervision, funding acquisition, project administration, writing—original draft

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Correspondence to Gabriel Vigueras-Ramírez.

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Hernández-Guerrero, M., Gomez-Maldonado, D., Gutiérrez-Castañeda, J. et al. Assessment of Culture Systems to Produce Bacterial Cellulose with a Kombucha Consortium. Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-024-04929-z

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