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Optimization of C50 Carotenoids Production by Open Fermentation of Halorubrum sp. HRM-150

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Abstract

C50 carotenoids, as unique bioactive molecules, have many biological properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activity, and have a wide range of potential uses in the food, cosmetic, and biomedical industries. The majority of C50 carotenoids are produced by the sterile fermentation of halophilic archaea. This study aims to look at more cost-effective and manageable ways of producing C50 carotenoids. The basic medium, carbon source supplementation, and optimal culture conditions for Halorubrum sp. HRM-150 C50 carotenoids production by open fermentation were examined in this work. The results indicated that Halorubrum sp. HRM-150 grown in natural brine medium grew faster than artificial brine medium. The addition of glucose, sucrose, and lactose (10 g/L) enhanced both biomass and carotenoids productivity, with the highest level reaching 4.53 ± 0.32 μg/mL when glucose was added. According to the findings of orthogonal studies based on the OD600 and carotenoids productivity, the best conditions for open fermentation were salinity 20–25%, rotation speed 150–200 rpm, and pH 7.0–8.2. The up-scaled open fermentation was carried out in a 7 L medium under optimum culture conditions. At 96 h, the OD600 and carotenoids productivity were 9.86 ± 0.51 (dry weight 10.40 ± 1.27 g/L) and 7.31 ± 0.65 μg/mL (701.40 ± 21.51 μg/g dry weight, respectively). When amplified with both universal bacterial primer and archaeal primer in the open fermentation, Halorubrum remained the dominating species, indicating that contamination was kept within an acceptable level. To summarize, open fermentation of Halorubrum is a promising method for producing C50 carotenoids.

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Data Availability

Halorubrum sp. HRM-150 has been deposited in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC 17,350). Other data and materials are available from the corresponding author.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Municipal Education Commission (No. 2019KJ220); the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (TUST), Ministry of Education (No. EMTUST-21–01); and China One Belt One Road Foreign Expert Research Collaboration Grant (Ministry of Science and Technology, China, No. DL2021002001L).

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  1. Ying-Chao Ma and Mei-Rong Gao contributed equally to this work and should be regarded as co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (TUST), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China

    Ying-Chao Ma, Mei-Rong Gao & Li-Ying Sui

  2. Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China

    Ying-Chao Ma, Mei-Rong Gao, Huan Yang, Jun-Yao Jiang, Wei Xie, Wan-Ping Su & Li-Ying Sui

  3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China

    Ying-Chao Ma, Bo Zhang & Wu-Yan Guo

  4. Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

    Yik-Sung Yeong

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Contributions

Ying-Chao Ma conceived and designed the research, analyzed the data, and drafted the article. Mei-Rong Gao analyzed the data and drafted the article. Huan Yang performed the up-scaled experiments and revised the manuscript. Jun-Yao Jiang contributed to the orthogonal experiments. Wei Xie contributed to the data analysis and revision of the manuscript. Wan-Ping Su participated in data analysis. Bo Zhang supported the research, analyzed the data, and revised the manuscript. Yik-Sung Yeong contributed to data analysis and manuscript revision. Wu-Yan Guo revised the manuscript. Li-Ying Sui conceived and designed the research and revised the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Li-Ying Sui.

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Ma, YC., Gao, MR., Yang, H. et al. Optimization of C50 Carotenoids Production by Open Fermentation of Halorubrum sp. HRM-150. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 3628–3640 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04319-x

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