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Population Genetic Structure and Marker Trait Associations Using Morphological, Phytochemical and Molecular Parameters in Habenaria edgeworthii—a Threatened Medicinal Orchid of West Himalaya, India

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Abstract

Habenaria edgeworthii Hook. f. ex Collett is an important terrestrial orchid used in different Ayurvedic formulations. In the present study, variations among morphological, phytochemical and molecular markers were assessed. A significant difference was observed among populations using morphological traits. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) data revealed lower genetic diversity at population level (He = 0.207) as compared to species level (He = 0.334). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicates 74 % variation among populations and 26 % within population. Tuber extracts showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher total phenolics and flavonoids among the populations. Antioxidant activity determined by 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays exhibited considerable antioxidant potential. Furthermore, the associations between molecular and morphological and phytochemical attributes were studied using multiple regression analysis (MRA). Several ISSR fragments were associated with some morphological and phytochemical traits. These ISSR fragments can be useful for breeding programme of the species when no other genetic information, such as linkage maps and quantitative trait loci, is available.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. P.P. Dhyani, Director, G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, for providing necessary facilities and encouragement and all colleagues of the Biodiversity Conservation and Management Thematic Group for their support and help. Special thank is accorded to Dr. Sandeep Rawat for help in population structure analysis. Funding provided by the National Medicinal Plants Board (File no. Z.18017/187/Pr.GO/UA-01/2006-07) and DST-SERB (File no. SB/YS/LS-22/2014) is gratefully acknowledged. UD acknowledge the financial support of CSIR in the form of Emeritus Scientist Fellowship [21(0947)/13EMR-II)].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, 263 643, India

    Lalit Giri, Arun Kumar Jugran, Amit Bahukhandi, Praveen Dhyani, Indra D. Bhatt, Ranbeer Singh Rawal & Shyamal Kumar Nandi

  2. University School of Environment Management, GGS Indraprastha University, Sector-16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India

    Uppeandra Dhar

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  1. Lalit Giri
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Giri, L., Jugran, A.K., Bahukhandi, A. et al. Population Genetic Structure and Marker Trait Associations Using Morphological, Phytochemical and Molecular Parameters in Habenaria edgeworthii—a Threatened Medicinal Orchid of West Himalaya, India. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 181, 267–282 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-016-2211-8

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