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Integrative Oncology Approaches to Reduce Recurrence of Disease and Improve Survival

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

After a cancer diagnosis, patients ask what they can do in addition to the recommended treatments to increase their survival. Many turn to integrative medicine modalities and lifestyle changes to improve their chances of survival. Numerous studies have demonstrated that lifestyle changes can significantly improve survival rates for cancer patients. Less support exists for the use of natural products or supplements to improve cancer survival. In this manuscript, we review key findings and evidence in the areas of healthy eating habits, physical activity, stress management and social support, and sleep quality, as well as natural products and supplements as they relate to the cancer recurrence and survival.

Recent Findings

While more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the associations between lifestyle changes and cancer survival, findings suggest that lifestyle modifications in the areas of diet, physical activity, stress management and social support, and sleep quality improve clinical cancer outcomes. This is especially true for programs that modify more than one lifestyle habit. To date, outside of supplementing with vitamin D to maintain adequate levels, conflicting conclusion within the research remain regarding the efficacy of using natural products or supplement to improve cancer recurrence of disease or cancer survival. A call for further research is warranted.

Summary

Lifestyle screening and counseling should be incorporated into cancer treatment plans to help improve patient outcomes. While the scientific community strives for the pursuit of high-quality research on natural products to enhance cancer survival, transparency, dialogue, and psychological safety between patients and clinicians must continue to be emphasized. Proactive inquiry by clinicians regarding patients’ supplement use will allow for an informed discussion of the benefits and risks of natural products and supplements, as well as a re-emphasis of the evidence supporting diet and other lifestyle habits to increase survival.

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Acknowledgements

Partial support for Lorenzo Cohen was provided by the Richard E. Haynes Distinguished Professorship in Clinical Cancer Prevention. We would especially like to thank our colleagues from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Yimin Geng, for library support and assistance in database searches and strategy, and Dawn Chalaire, for her editorial guidance.

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  1. Catherine Powers-James and Meroë Morse equally contributed as first authors.

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  1. Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1414, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Catherine Powers-James, Meroë Morse, Santhosshi Narayanan, Lois Ramondetta, Gabriel Lopez, Richard Wagner & Lorenzo Cohen

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Portions of this manuscript were adapted from: Cohen L., Jefferies A. Anticancer Living: Transform Your Life and Health with the Mix of Six (Penguin Random House, 2019). Lorenzo Cohen receives royalties from Penguin Random House. No other authors reported conflicts of interests.

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Powers-James, C., Morse, M., Narayanan, S. et al. Integrative Oncology Approaches to Reduce Recurrence of Disease and Improve Survival. Curr Oncol Rep 26, 147–163 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-023-01467-5

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