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Causes of Clonal Hematopoiesis: a Review

  • LEUKEMIA (A AGUAYO, SECTION EDITOR)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an age-dependent process detectable using advanced sequencing technologies and is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes including cardiovascular disease and cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize known causes of CH mutations and to identify key areas and considerations for future research on CH.

Recent Findings

Studies have identified multiple potential causes of CH mutations including smoking, cancer therapies, cardiometabolic disease, inflammation, and germline risk factors. Additionally, large-scale studies have facilitated the identification of gene-specific effects of CH mutation risk factors that may have unique downstream health implications. For example, cancer therapies and sources of environmental radiation appear to cause CH through their impact on DNA damage repair genes.

Summary

There is a growing body of evidence defining risk factors for CH mutations. Standardization in the identification of CH mutations may have important implications for future research. Additional studies in underrepresented populations and their diverse environmental exposures are needed to facilitate broad public health impact of the study of CH mutations.

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Data Availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance

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Acknowledgements

We thank Ms. Sarah Bronson, ELS, from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Research Medical Library, for her expertise in scientific manuscript editing.

Funding

This research was supported, in part, by Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA016672 from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Nead is a Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) Scholar in Cancer Research. Dr Nead is supported by grant RR190077 from CPRIT and grants L30CA253796 and K08CA263313 from the National Cancer Institute.

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  1. Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Pressler Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    LiJin Joo, Paul A. Scheet & Kevin T. Nead

  2. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Catherine C. Bradley

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Steven H. Lin & Kevin T. Nead

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LiJin Joo, Catherine C. Bradley, Paul A. Scheet, and Kevin T. Nead declare no conflict of interest. Steven H. Lin has received grants or contracts from STCube Pharmaceuticals, Beyond Spring Pharmaceuticals, and Nektar Therapeutics; consulting fees from XRAD Therapeutics; and has participated on a Data Safety Monitoring or Advisory Boards for Creatv Microtech and AstraZeneca.

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Joo, L., Bradley, C.C., Lin, S.H. et al. Causes of Clonal Hematopoiesis: a Review. Curr Oncol Rep 25, 211–220 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-023-01362-z

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