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Diagnosis and Management of Osteomyelitis in Children

  • Skin, Soft Tissue, Bone and Joint Infectious Disease (N Safdar, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Pediatric osteomyelitis is a condition involving infection of the bone in children. It necessitates rapid diagnosis and treatment. It is important for a medical practitioner to be familiar with this condition. We review the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis, as well as treatment and the following up of this condition in children.

Recent Findings

Different causative organisms require unique diagnosis and treatment approaches. Establishing the diagnosis often requires multiple diagnostic modalities. Differential diagnosis requires excluding noninfectious causes such as malignancies and bone infarcts. There is no consensus regarding the nature or duration of pharmacological or surgical treatment. The most common complications are myositis and pyomyositis contiguous to the site of inflammation, venous thrombosis, and thrombophlebitis.

Summary

Osteomyelitis in children is a dangerous yet a well-studied clinical condition. Nowadays, a physician can and should be well capable in coping with the challenges of diagnosing and treating this disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel

    Lior Ben-Zvi, Michael Margulis & Benjamin Bernfeld

  2. Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel

    Lior Ben-Zvi, Jeremy Hassan, Marah andraous & Diklah Sebag

  3. The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Daniel Weltsch

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  1. Lior Ben-Zvi
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Ben-Zvi, L., Hassan, J., andraous, M. et al. Diagnosis and Management of Osteomyelitis in Children. Curr Infect Dis Rep 23, 20 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-021-00763-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-021-00763-0

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