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Extrahepatic Manifestations of Hepatitis C Infection: Navigating CHASM

  • Co-infections and Comorbidity (S Naggie, Section Editor)
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Abstract

This article describes the importance of extrahepatic systemic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. While most HCV literature focuses on liver injury and fibrosis progression, a spectrum of systemic disease processes, collectively called C hepatitis-associated systemic manifestations (CHASMs), are present in a high proportion of infected persons. These include thyroid disease (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Graves disease, and thyroid cancer), cardiovascular disease (atherosclerosis, carotid artery disease, and coronary artery disease), renal disease (MPGN and glomerulosclerosis), eye disease (Mooren’s ulcers and sicca syndrome), skin disease (PCT, vasculitis, and lichen planus), lymphomas (NHL and splenic T-cell), and diabetes. Mechanistic understanding of how HCV leads to CHASM processes could lead to development of new interventions. The role of early HCV treatment and cure may result in preventive strategies for a variety of complex disease states.

Key Points

• Systemic extrahepatic complications of HCV comprise a spectrum of disease states in many organs and systems.

• Effective treatment of HCV may reduce or eliminate some but not all of these systemic complications.

• Further research into early treatment intervention as a prevention strategy for systemic disease is warranted.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for graphic illustration support provided by Douglass Rouster and copy editing by Susan Rouster. This work was supported in part by NIDDK K24 070528 (K.E.S).

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Amy C. Sherman and Kenneth E. Sherman declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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  1. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Amy C. Sherman

  2. University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0595, USA

    Kenneth E. Sherman

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  1. Amy C. Sherman
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Correspondence to Kenneth E. Sherman.

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Sherman, A.C., Sherman, K.E. Extrahepatic Manifestations of Hepatitis C Infection: Navigating CHASM. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 12, 353–361 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-015-0274-8

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