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Saturated Fat and Cardiovascular Health: Phenotype and Dietary Factors Influencing Interindividual Responsiveness

  • Nutrition (K. Petersen, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent inconsistencies in nutrition research studies examining the influence of saturated fat (SFA) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have led to substantial scientific debate and increased public confusion. This review will summarize metabolic characteristics and food-based factors that underlie interindividual responsiveness to SFA consumption.

Recent Findings

The magnitude of postprandial blood lipid responses to SFA intake is dependent on a number of individual factors including age, sex, and adiposity status. Further, the metabolic effects of SFA intake are influenced by the specific types of SFAs and the food matrix within which they are contained. Importantly, results from research examining the effects of SFA on CVD risk should be interpreted with consideration of the comparator nutrient (i.e., carbohydrate, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat).

Summary

A more nuanced understanding of the multitude of factors mediating the influence of SFA on lipid metabolism and CVD risk might help resolve the current controversy and inform more precise personalized recommendations for future dietary guidelines.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, 1700 W Van Buren, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Xiaoran Liu

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1700 W Van Buren, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Xiaoran Liu

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada

    Scott V. Harding

  4. Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA

    Todd C. Rideout

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Liu, X., Harding, S.V. & Rideout, T.C. Saturated Fat and Cardiovascular Health: Phenotype and Dietary Factors Influencing Interindividual Responsiveness. Curr Atheroscler Rep 24, 391–398 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-022-01014-w

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