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The Role of Dendritic Cells and Monocytes in the Maintenance and Loss of Respiratory Tolerance

  • BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCE (M FRIERI AND PJ BRYCE, SECTION EDITORS)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Promoting tolerance to inhaled antigens is an active area of study with the potential to benefit the millions of Americans currently suffering from respiratory allergies and asthma. Interestingly, not all individuals with atopy are symptomatic, arguing that sensitization alone does not lead to an allergic clinical phenotype. Respiratory dendritic cells (rDCs), classically associated with inducing inflammatory responses, can actively promote tolerance. Tolerance can be broken when inflammatory stimuli, including viral infections and other environmental exposures, inhibit rDC-mediated tolerance by allowing innocuous antigen to be presented to initiate type-2 immunity. Importantly, rDCs are composed of multiple subsets, each with a unique response to an inhaled antigen that can lead to either tolerance or inflammation. In this review, we will discuss how rDC subsets actively maintain tolerance or, alternatively, break tolerance in response to environmental cues.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by NIH R01HL118758, NIH 5T32HL007605 (C.L.H.), NIH U19 AI095230, and a Naomi Ragins-Goldsmith Fellowship, University of Chicago (to M.Y.T.).

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Conflict of interest

Melissa Y. Tjota and Anne I. Sperling declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Cara L. Hrusch reports grants from the NIH, during the conduct of the study.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Cara L. Hrusch, Melissa Y. Tjota & Anne I. Sperling

  2. Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. JFK R316, Chicago, IL, USA

    Cara L. Hrusch & Anne I. Sperling

  3. Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Melissa Y. Tjota

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  1. Cara L. Hrusch
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Correspondence to Anne I. Sperling.

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Hrusch, C.L., Tjota, M.Y. & Sperling, A.I. The Role of Dendritic Cells and Monocytes in the Maintenance and Loss of Respiratory Tolerance. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 15, 494 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-014-0494-9

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