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Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and liver function: a systematic review of observational studies

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Abstract

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been associated with many adverse health outcomes. However, the evidence on such associations with the liver function was not reviewed systemically. Therefore in this study, we systemically reviewed the observational studies on exposure to PAHs and liver function. The MOOSE guidelines were applied to perform this review. We systematically searched Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science for all relevant articles published in English until 10 September 2022. The quality of retrieved studies was evaluated based on the Gascon et al. method. We retrieved a total of 3927 citations through the initial search, of which an overall of five articles (n = 6994 participants) was included in our final review. The quality assessment indicated that three studies had excellent, one had good, and one had fair quality. Three reviewed studies reported a significant negative association between exposure to PAHs and liver function. One study reported a significant correlation between urinary metabolites of PAHs with serum g-glutamyltransferase (GGT), two studies reported that there was an increase in the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related exposure to PAH-albumin adducts as well as benzo[a]pyrene (BPDE)-DNA adducts in the blood, and two studies indicated that higher levels of urinary metabolites of PAHs were associated with higher risk of abnormal levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and GGT enzymes. Overall, our review indicated that exposure to PAHs has an adverse impact on human liver function.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Khalid University for the guidance and technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Public Health Department, Faculty of Health, Fort De Kock University, Bukittinggi, Indonesia

    Efriza Efriza

  2. Medical Surgical Nursing Department, King Khalid University, Khamis Mushate, Almahala, Saudi Arabia

    Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani

  3. Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia

    Angelina O. Zekiy

  4. Department of Radiological Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq

    Ghaidaa Raheem Lateef Al-Awsi

  5. Department: Pharmacology, Glocal School of Pharmacy, The Glocal University, Saharanpur, India

    Satish Kumar Sharma

  6. Laboratory of Psychometrics, Comparative Psychology and Ethology (LABPPCE), Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Posgrado de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Universidad CES, Universidad de Palermo, Carrera de Enfermería Campus AzoguesMedellín, ColombiaBuenos Aires, Argentina, Cuenca, Ecuador

    Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel

  7. Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology Poland, Gliwice, Poland

    Nasir Shakeel

  8. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Aden, Aden, Yemen

    Yassine Riadi

  9. Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

    Zafar Aminov

  10. Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq

    Rahman S. Zabibah

  11. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul-41001, Iraq

    Yasser Fakri Mustafa

  12. Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Moslem Lari Najafi

Authors
  1. Efriza Efriza
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  2. Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani
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  3. Angelina O. Zekiy
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  4. Ghaidaa Raheem Lateef Al-Awsi
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  5. Satish Kumar Sharma
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  6. Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
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  7. Nasir Shakeel
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  9. Zafar Aminov
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  10. Rahman S. Zabibah
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  12. Moslem Lari Najafi
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Contributions

All of the authors contributed to the design of the study. E., Sh.H.A, A.Z., Gh.R.L.A, S.K.Sh, completed the literature review and drafted the manuscript. A.A.R., conceived of the project and edited the manuscript. N.Sh., Y.R., Z.A., R.S.Z, Y.F.M, M.L.R revised the manuscript and recheck the reviewed papers. The paper was revised and approved by all the authors.

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Correspondence to Satish Kumar Sharma or Moslem Lari Najafi.

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Efriza, E., Alshahrani, S.H., Zekiy, A.O. et al. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and liver function: a systematic review of observational studies. Air Qual Atmos Health 16, 1079–1088 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-023-01324-1

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