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Multiscale and Adaptive Modeling of Bubbling Flow and Slag Layer Behavior in Gas-Stirring Vessels

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Abstract

The bubble transportation and bubble–steel–slag interactions in gas-stirring vessels in metallurgical processes is a quite complicated multiphase flow, intricate with multiple time and space scales. The present work implements a two-way discrete-continuum transition algorithm in a multiscale model for the simulation of bubble injection, coalescence, and its interaction with the bath and slag layer. The interfaces between liquid steel, gas, and slag are captured using the volume of fluid (VOF) and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) methods for adaptively improving the interface resolution. For microbubbles that are unable to be resolved, a discrete phase model (DPM) is applied by considering the coalescence using a modified collision model. Most importantly, the two-way transition between DPM and VOF-AMR is mainly achieved by introducing criteria and specific source terms into the equations. The predicted bubble diameter evolution and the slag eye size in the vessel are both in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Using the present modeling framework, the bubbling flow and the slag layer behavior are both well represented, including the detailed phenomena of bubble aggregation and breakage, bubble splashing on the top surface, slag eye fluctuation, and slag droplet formation, etc.

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Data and Code Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The code of the present work can also be available.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U21A20126, 52006197), the National Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant Nos. LQ21E060012, LR20E090001), the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (Grant Nos. 2021C05006, 2021C01156).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Linmin Li, Weisen Xu, Xiaojun Li & Zuchao Zhu

  2. Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China

    Xun Sun

  3. Ebara Great Pumps Co., Ltd., Wenzhou, 325204, China

    Guojun Yang

Authors
  1. Linmin Li
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  2. Weisen Xu
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  3. Xiaojun Li
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  4. Xun Sun
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  5. Guojun Yang
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  6. Zuchao Zhu
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Correspondence to Linmin Li, Xiaojun Li or Xun Sun.

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Li, L., Xu, W., Li, X. et al. Multiscale and Adaptive Modeling of Bubbling Flow and Slag Layer Behavior in Gas-Stirring Vessels. JOM 75, 1357–1370 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05675-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05675-5

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