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A Novel Method for the Recovery of Li from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Reduction Roasting–Countercurrent Leaching

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Abstract

A novel method for the recovery of Li from cathode material of waste ternary lithium-ion batteries is proposed, wherein water-based leaching of the reduction roasting product was conducted. First, the effects of leaching temperature, leaching time, liquid–solid ratio, and CO2 aeration rate on the recovery of Li were investigated, demonstrating that the leaching rate of Li can reach 79.95% under optimal conditions, i.e., a CO2 aeration rate of 200 mL/min, leaching time of 1.5 h, and liquid–solid ratio of 15:1, at 15°C. The leaching time and CO2 aeration rate had little impact, while the liquid–solid ratio and temperature were found to significantly affect the leaching rate of Li. Then, counter-current leaching experiments were carried out, and the total leaching rate of Li exceeded 98% after four stages with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 15:1. Battery-grade purity of the lithium carbonate product was obtained by evaporative crystallization.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2019YFC1908404, No. 2019YFC1908405), the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51904124, No. 52064018, No. 51974140, No. 52004111), Key Projects of Jiangxi Key R&D Plan (No. 20192ACB70017, No. 20212ACB204015), the Distinguished Professor Program of Jinggang Scholars, China Institutions of Higher learning Jiangxi Province, the Program of Qingjiang Excellent Young Talents, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUSTQJYX2020012), Jiangxi Provincial Cultivation Program for Academic and Technical Leaders of Major Subjects (20212BCJL23052, 20212BCJ23006, 20212BCJ23007), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20202BAB214015), China and Post-subsidy project of young talents plan of Ganzhou Science and Technology Bureau (No. 2020-14).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China

    Kang Yan, Qing Chen, Zhengyang Xiong, Jiale Wu, Zhongtang Zhang, Ruixiang Wang, Jinhui Li & Shuiping Zhong

  2. Key Laboratory of Ionic Rare Earth Resources and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China

    Kang Yan, Qing Chen, Zhongtang Zhang, Zhifeng Xu, Ruixiang Wang & Jinhui Li

  3. Jiangxi College of Applied Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China

    Zhifeng Xu

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  1. Kang Yan
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  2. Qing Chen
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Correspondence to Zhongtang Zhang.

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Yan, K., Chen, Q., Xiong, Z. et al. A Novel Method for the Recovery of Li from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Reduction Roasting–Countercurrent Leaching. JOM 74, 3821–3832 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05432-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05432-8

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