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The Effects of Atmosphere on the Sintering of Ultrafine-Grained Tungsten with Ti

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Abstract

Tungsten (W) is a brittle material at room temperature making it very difficult to fabricate. Although the lack of ductility remains a difficult challenge, nano-sized and ultrafine-grained (UFG) structures offer the potential to overcome tungsten’s room-temperature brittleness. One way to manufacture UFG W is to compact and sinter nano-sized W powder. It is challenging, however, to control grain growth during sintering. As one method to inhibit grain growth, the effect of Ti-based additives on the densification and grain growth of nano-W powders was investigated in this study. Addition of 1% Ti into tungsten led to more than a 63% decrease in average grain size of sintered samples at comparable density levels. It was found that sintering in Ar yielded a finer grain size than sintering in H2 at similar densities. The active diffusion mechanisms during sintering were different for W-1% Ti nano powders sintered in Ar and H2.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (DESC0008673), Office of Science, Fusion Materials Program and the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), SBIR program for financial support. The authors also would like to thank Mr. Brady Butler from the Army Research Laboratory for many valuable discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Utah, 135 S. 1460 E. Rm 412, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Chai Ren, Mark Koopman, Z. Zak Fang & Huan Zhang

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  1. Chai Ren
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  2. Mark Koopman
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  3. Z. Zak Fang
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  4. Huan Zhang
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Correspondence to Z. Zak Fang.

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Ren, C., Koopman, M., Fang, Z.Z. et al. The Effects of Atmosphere on the Sintering of Ultrafine-Grained Tungsten with Ti. JOM 68, 2864–2868 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-016-2121-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-016-2121-9

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