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Chimeric Peptides as Implant Functionalization Agents for Titanium Alloy Implants with Antimicrobial Properties

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Abstract

Implant-associated infections can have severe effects on the longevity of implant devices and they also represent a major cause of implant failures. Treating these infections associated with implants by antibiotics is not always an effective strategy due to poor penetration rates of antibiotics into biofilms. Additionally, emerging antibiotic resistance poses serious concerns. There is an urge to develop effective antibacterial surfaces that prevent bacterial adhesion and proliferation. A novel class of bacterial therapeutic agents, known as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are receiving increasing attention as an unconventional option to treat septic infection, partly due to their capacity to stimulate innate immune responses and for the difficulty of microorganisms to develop resistance towards them. While host and bacterial cells compete in determining the ultimate fate of the implant, functionalization of implant surfaces with AMPs can shift the balance and prevent implant infections. In the present study, we developed a novel chimeric peptide to functionalize the implant material surface. The chimeric peptide simultaneously presents two functionalities, with one domain binding to a titanium alloy implant surface through a titanium-binding domain while the other domain displays an antimicrobial property. This approach gains strength through control over the bio-material interfaces, a property built upon molecular recognition and self-assembly through a titanium alloy binding domain in the chimeric peptide. The efficiency of chimeric peptide both in-solution and absorbed onto titanium alloy surface was evaluated in vitro against three common human host infectious bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli. In biological interactions such as occur on implants, it is the surface and the interface that dictate the ultimate outcome. Controlling the implant surface by creating an interface composed chimeric peptides may therefore open up new possibilities to modify the implant site and tailor it to a desirable bioactivity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from National Institute of Health (NIH)—Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Section 7R21AR062249-03 and University of Kansas New Faculty General Research Fund (NFGRF) as well as National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Grant DE13045.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, GEMSEC, Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Deniz T. Yucesoy & Marketa Hnilova

  2. Bioengineering Program and Bioengineering Research Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA

    Kyle Boone

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    Paul M. Arnold

  4. Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA

    Malcolm L. Snead

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Bioengineering Research Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA

    Candan Tamerler

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  1. Deniz T. Yucesoy
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  2. Marketa Hnilova
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Correspondence to Candan Tamerler.

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Yucesoy, D.T., Hnilova, M., Boone, K. et al. Chimeric Peptides as Implant Functionalization Agents for Titanium Alloy Implants with Antimicrobial Properties. JOM 67, 754–766 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-015-1350-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-015-1350-7

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