Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Review of the Controllers for Structural Control

  • Review article
  • Published:
Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A review of structural control focused on controllers is presented here. Several essential considerations must be addressed while designing a controller for the semi-active control (SAC) scheme. Some of these depend on the structure modeling performance in an uncertain and noisy environment, stability, feedback planning (centralized/decentralized), and its inherent non-linearities. A summary of passive, active, and SAC with an emphasis on control algorithms used in these is provided. Variations of the control weighting matrix "R" in the conventional linear quadratic Regulator/ linear quadratic Gaussian (LQR/LQG) controller utilizing the fast Fourier transform approach and its impact on structural responses are illustrated. To facilitate the research in this field, a comparative analysis of the performance of the most popular controllers on a mathematical model of a three-story structure equipped with a magnetorheological damper (MRD) is presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kumar R, Mittal H, Sandeep SB (2022) Earthquake genesis and earthquake early warning systems: challenges and a way forward. Surv Geophys 43(4):1143–1168

    Google Scholar 

  2. Housner GW, Bergman LA, Caughey TK et al (1997) Structural control: past, present, and future. J Eng Mech 123(9):897–971

    Google Scholar 

  3. Azimi M, Yeznabad AM (2020) Swarm-based parallel control of adjacent irregular buildings considering soil-structure interaction. J Sens Actuator Netw 9(2):18

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kavyashree B, Patil S, Rao VS (2021) Review on vibration control in tall buildings: from the perspective of devices and applications. Int J Dyn Control 9(3):1316–1331

    Google Scholar 

  5. Soliman AMA, Kaldas MMS (2021) Semi-active suspension systems from research to mass-market—A review. J Low Freq Noise Vib Act Control 40(2):1005–1023

    Google Scholar 

  6. Madhekar SN, Jangid RS (2009) Variable dampers for earthquake protection of benchmark highway bridges. Smart Mater Struct 18(11):115011

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bakre SV, Jangid RS (2007) Optimum parameters of tuned mass damper for damped main system. Struct Control Health Monit 14(3):448–470

    Google Scholar 

  8. Pisal AY, Jangid RS (2016) Vibration control of bridge subjected to multi-axle vehicle using multiple tuned mass friction dampers. Int J Adv Struct Eng 8(2):213–227

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kori JG, Jangid RS (2008) Semiactive control of seismically isolated bridges. Int J Struct Stab Dyn 8(4):547–568

    Google Scholar 

  10. Patel CC, Jangid RS (2011) Dynamic response of adjacent structures connected by friction damper. Earthquakes Struct 2(2):149–169

    Google Scholar 

  11. Jadhav MB, Jangid RS (2004) Response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks. Shock Vib 11(1):33–45

    Google Scholar 

  12. Panchal VR, Jangid RS (2012) Behaviour of liquid storage tanks with VCFPS under near-fault ground motions. Struct Infrastruct Eng 8(1):71–88

    Google Scholar 

  13. Soong TT, Spencer BF (2000) Active, semi-active and hybrid control of structures. Bull N Z Soc Earthq Eng 33(3):387–402

    Google Scholar 

  14. Raut BR, Jangid RS (2015) Seismic behavior of benchmark building with semi-active variable friction dampers. Asian J Civ Eng 16(3):417–436

    Google Scholar 

  15. Patel CC, Jangid RS (2010) Seismic response of adjacent structures connected with semi-active variable friction dampers. Int J Acoust Vibr 15(1):39–46

    Google Scholar 

  16. Symans MD, Constantinou MC, Taylor DP, Garnjost KD: Semi-active fluid viscous dampers for seismic response control. In: First World Conference on Structural Control: 1994. 1–12

  17. Bakre SV, Jangid RS, Reddy GR (2006) Optimum X-plate dampers for seismic response control of piping systems. Int J Press Vessels Pip 83(9):672–685

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jangid RS, Kelly JM (2001) Base isolation for near-fault motions. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 30(5):691–707

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sharma A, Jangid RS (2010) Seismic response of base-isolated benchmark building with variable sliding isolators. J Earthquake Eng 14(7):1063–1091

    Google Scholar 

  20. Jangid RS (2004) Response of SDOF system to non-stationary earthquake excitation. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 33(15):1417–1428

    Google Scholar 

  21. Narasimhan S, Nagarajaiah S, Gavin HP, Johnson EA (2006) Smart base isolated benchmark building part I: Problem definition. Struct Control Health Monit 13(2–3):573–588

    Google Scholar 

  22. Singh AK, Pandey PC (1999) An implicit integration algorithm for plane stress damage coupled elastoplasticity. Mech Res Commun 26(6):693–700

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Tsipianitis A, Tsompanakis Y (2022) Multi-objective optimization of base-isolated tanks with supplemental linear viscous dampers. Infrastructures 7(11):157

    Google Scholar 

  24. Jangid RS (2022) Performance and optimal design of base-isolated structures with clutching inerter damper. Struct Control Health Monit 29(9):e3000

    Google Scholar 

  25. Shrimali MK (2007) Seismic response of elevated liquid storage steel tanks under bi-direction excitation. Int J Steel Struct 7(4):239–251

    Google Scholar 

  26. Tsipianitis A, Tsompanakis Y (2022) Improving the seismic performance of base-isolated liquid storage tanks with supplemental linear viscous dampers. Earthquake Eng Eng Vibr 21(1):269–282

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kalantari A (2017) Seismic response reduction in liquid storage tanks by simple smart base isolation systems. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng 41(2):121–133

    Google Scholar 

  28. Waghmare MV, Madhekar SN, Matsagar VA (2019) Semi-active fluid viscous dampers for seismic mitigation of RC elevated liquid storage tanks. Int J Struct Stab Dyn 19(3):1073–1088

    Google Scholar 

  29. Waghmare MV, Madhekar SN, Matsagar VA (2022) Performance of RC elevated liquid storage tanks installed with semi-active pseudo-negative stiffness dampers. Struct Control Health Monit 29(4):e2924

    Google Scholar 

  30. Yang JN, Wu JC, Agrawal AK (1995) Sliding mode control for nonlinear and hysteretic structures. J Eng Mech 121(12):1330–1339

    Google Scholar 

  31. Moheimani S (2003) A survey of recent innovations in vibration damping and control using shunted piezoelectric transducers. IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol 11(4):482–494

    Google Scholar 

  32. Macijejowski JM (1989) Multivariable Feedback Design no. 1 Electronic systems engineering series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 169–163

    Google Scholar 

  33. Soong TT (1998) Experimental simulation of degrading structures through active control. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 27(2):143–154

    Google Scholar 

  34. Llane SO, Rfos-bolfvar M: Active control of mechanical vibrations using dynamic variable structure control. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Control Applications: 2002. 316–320.

  35. Davoodi M, Ebrahimnejad M, Javad VA (2010) Active vibration control of smart building frames by feedback controllers. Comput Methods Civil Eng 1(1):63–73

    Google Scholar 

  36. Mahmoodi SN, Craft MJ, Southward SC, Ahmadian M (2011) Active vibration control using optimized modified acceleration feedback with adaptive line enhancer for frequency tracking. J Sound Vib 330(7):1300–1311

    Google Scholar 

  37. Pradeesh LV, Ali SF (2016) Active vibration control of thin plate using optimal dynamic inversion technique. IFAC-PapersOnLine 49(1):326–331

    Google Scholar 

  38. Karimpour B, Keyhani A, Alamatian J (2014) New active control method based on using multiactuators and sensors considering uncertainty of parameters. Adv Civ Eng 180673:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  39. Soong TT, Masri SF, Housner GW (1991) An overview of active structural control under seismic loads. Earthq Spectra 7(3):483–505

    Google Scholar 

  40. Fisco NR, Adeli H (2011) Smart structures: Part I—active and semi-active control. Sci Iran 18:275–284

    Google Scholar 

  41. Casciati F, Rodellar J, Yildirim U (2012) Active and semi-active control of structures-theory and applications: a review of recent advances. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 23(11):1181–1195

    Google Scholar 

  42. Jamshid G, Abdolreza J (1995) Active control of structures using neural networks. J Eng Mech 121(4):555–567

    Google Scholar 

  43. Yu W, Thenozhi S (2016) Active structural control with stable fuzzy PID techniques. Springer, Berlin, p 143

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  44. Saragih R: Designing active vibration control with minimum order for flexible structure. In: International Conference on Computer and Application: 2010. IEEE: 450–453.

  45. Korkmaz S (2011) A review of active structural control: challenges for engineering informatics. Comput Struct 89(23):2113–2132

    Google Scholar 

  46. Kumar A, Poonam B, Sehgal V (2007) Active vibration control of structures against earthquakes using modern control theory. Asian J Civ Eng 8(3):283–299

    Google Scholar 

  47. Davorin H, Pinhas B, Michael R (1983) Semi-active versus passive or active tuned mass dampers for structural control. J Eng Mech 109(3):691–705

    Google Scholar 

  48. Choi KM, Cho SW, Kim DO, Lee IW (2005) Active control for seismic response reduction using modal-fuzzy approach. Int J Solids Struct 42(16):4779–4794

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  49. Li Y, Wang X, Huang R, Qiu Z (2015) Active vibration and noise control of vibro-acoustic system by using PID controller. J Sound Vib 348:57–70

    Google Scholar 

  50. Yazici H, Güçlü R (2011) Active vibration control of seismic excited structural system using LMI-based mixed H2/H ∞ state feedback controller. Turk J Electr Eng Comput Sci 19(6):839–849

    Google Scholar 

  51. Oveisi A, Gudarzi M (2013) Robust active vibration control of smart structures; a comparison between two approaches: µ-synthesis & amp. LMI-based design Int J Aerosp 1(5):116–127

    Google Scholar 

  52. Spencer B, Soong T: New applications and development of active, semi-active and hybrid control techniques for seismic and non-seismic vibration in the USA. In: International Post-SMiRT Conference Seminar on Seismic Isolation, Passive Energy Dissipation and Active Control of Vibration of Structures: 1999. 23–25

  53. Cheol CH, Fadali S, Saiid M, Soon LK (2005) Neural network active control of structures with earthquake excitation. Int J Control Autom Syst 3(2):202–210

    Google Scholar 

  54. Spencer SF, Nagarajaiah S (2003) State of the art of structural control. J Struct Eng 129(7):845–856

    Google Scholar 

  55. Zhu X, Jing X, ChengL (2012) Magnetorheological fluid dampers: a review on structure design and analysis. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 23(8):839–873

    Google Scholar 

  56. Zhao D, Li Y (2015) Fuzzy control for seismic protection of semiactive base-isolated structures subjected to near-fault earthquakes. Math Probl Eng. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/675698

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  57. Kumar G, Kumar R, KumarSingh ABJ (2023) Development of modified LQG controller for mitigation of seismic vibrations using swarm intelligence. Int J Autom Control 17(1):19–42

    Google Scholar 

  58. Christenson RE, Spencer BF (2001) Semiactive control of civil structures for natural hazard mitigation: analytical and experimental studies. University of Notre Dame, Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, p 3027873

    Google Scholar 

  59. Huang W, Xu J, Zhu DY, Wu YL, Lu JW, Lu KL (2015) Semi-active vibration control using a magneto rheological damper with particle swarm optimization. Arab J Sci Eng 40(3):747–762

    Google Scholar 

  60. Shirazi FA, Mohammadpour J, Grigoriadis KM, Song G (2012) Identification and control of an MR damper with stiction effect and its application in structural vibration mitigation. IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol 20(5):1285–1301

    Google Scholar 

  61. Pourzeynali S, Bahar A (2017) Vertical vibration control of suspension bridges subjected to earthquake by semi-active MR dampers. Sci Iran 24(2):439–451

    Google Scholar 

  62. Jiang Z, Christenson R (2011) A comparison of 200 kN magneto-rheological damper models for use in real-time hybrid simulation pretesting. Smart Mater Struct 20(6):65011

    Google Scholar 

  63. Kori JG, Jangid RS (2009) Semi-active MR dampers for seismic control of structures. Bull N Z Soc Earthq Eng 42(3):157–166

    Google Scholar 

  64. Zheng S, Shen Q, Guan C, Cheng H, Zhuang H, Zhou M (2022) Semi-active control of seismic response on prestressed concrete continuous girder bridges with corrugated steel webs. Appl Sci 12(24):12881

    Google Scholar 

  65. Kataria NP, Jangid RS (2016) Seismic protection of the horizontally curved bridge with semi-active variable stiffness damper and isolation system. Adv Struct Eng 19(7):1103–1117

    Google Scholar 

  66. Jangid RS (2021) Seismic performance assessment of clutching inerter damper for isolated bridges. Pract Period Struct Des Constr 27(2):04021078

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  67. Floreán Aquino KH, Arias-Montiel M, Linares-Flores J, Mendoza-Larios JG, Cabrera-Amado A (2021) Modern semi-active control schemes for a suspension with MR actuator for vibration attenuation. Actuators 10(2):1–23

    Google Scholar 

  68. Datta TK, Jain AK (1990) Response of articulated tower platforms to random wind and wave forces. Comput Struct 34(1):137–144

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  69. Singh MP, Matheu EE, Surez LE (1997) Active and semi-active control of structures under seismic vibrations. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 26(2):193–213

    Google Scholar 

  70. Alqado TE, Nikolakopoulos G, Dritsas L (2017) Semi-active control of flexible structures using closed-loop input shaping techniques. Struct Control Health Monit 24(5):e1913

    Google Scholar 

  71. Xu ZD, Shen YP, Guo YQ (2003) Semi-active control of structures incorporated with magnetorheological dampers using neural networks. Smart Mater Struct 12(1):80

    Google Scholar 

  72. Villamizar R, Luo N, Dyke SJ, Vehí J Experimental verification of backstepping controllers for magnetorheological MR dampers in structural control. In: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE International Symposium on Control and Automation: 2005. IEEE:316–321

  73. Cha YJ, Agrawal A, Friedman A (2014) A Performance validation of semiactive controllers on large-scale moment-resisting frame equipped with 200-kN MR damper using real-time hybrid simulations. J Struct Eng 140(10):4014066

    Google Scholar 

  74. Symans MD, Constantinou MC (1999) Semi-active control systems for seismic protection of structures: a state-of-the-art review. Eng Struct 21(6):469–487

    Google Scholar 

  75. Choi SB, Li W, Yu M, Du H, Fu J, Do PX (2016) State of the art of control schemes for smart systems featuring magneto-rheological materials. Smart Mater Struct 25(4):43001

    Google Scholar 

  76. Saaed TE, Nikolakopoulos G, Jonasson JE, Hedlund H (2015) A state-of-the-art review of structural control systems. J Vib Control 21(5):919–937

    Google Scholar 

  77. Kumar G, Kumar A, Jakka RS (2018) An adaptive LQR controller based on PSO and maximum predominant frequency approach for semi-active control scheme using MR damper. Mech Ind 19(1):109

    Google Scholar 

  78. Kumar G, Kumar A, Jakka RS (2018) The particle swarm modified quasi bang-bang controller for seismic vibration control. Ocean Eng 166:105–116

    Google Scholar 

  79. Jiang J, Yu X (2012) Fault-tolerant control systems: A comparative study between active and passive approaches. Annu Rev Control 36(1):60–72

    Google Scholar 

  80. Guclu R (2006) Sliding mode and PID control of a structural system against earthquake. Math Comput Model 44(1):210–217

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  81. Madsen JM, Shieh LS, Guo SM (2008) State-space digital PID controller design for multivariable analog systems with multiple time delays. Asian J Control 8(2):161–173

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  82. Guclu R, Yazici H (2008) Vibration control of a structure with ATMD against earthquake using fuzzy logic controllers. J Sound Vib 318(1):36–49

    Google Scholar 

  83. Nerves AC, Krishnan R: Active control strategies for tall civil structures. In: Proceedings of 21st Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics: 1995. IEEE: 962–967

  84. Teng TL, Peng CP, Chuang C (2000) A study on the application of fuzzy theory to structural active control. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 189(2):439–448

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  85. Gad S, Metered H, Bassuiny A, Abdel Ghany AM (2015) Multi-objective genetic algorithm fractional-order PID controller for semi-active magnetorheologically damped seat suspension. J Vib Control 23(8):1248–1266

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  86. Talib MHA et al (2021) Vibration control of semi-active suspension system using PID controller with advanced firefly algorithm and particle swarm optimization. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 12(1):1119–1137

    Google Scholar 

  87. Gadewadikar J, Bhilegaonkar A, Lewis F, Kuljaca O (2010) Technological developments in education and automation. Springer, Berlin, p 563

    Google Scholar 

  88. Park W, Park KS, Koh HM (2008) Active control of large structures using a bilinear pole-shifting transform with H∞ control method. Eng Struct 30(11):3336–3344

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  89. Zames G (1981) Feedback and optimal sensitivity: model reference transformation, multiplicative semiforms and approximate inverse. IEEE Trans Automat Contr 26(2):301–320

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  90. Wu JC, Yang JN, Schmitendorf WE (1998) Reduced-order H∞ and LQR control for wind-excited tall buildings. Eng Struct 20(3):222–236

    Google Scholar 

  91. Chang LC, Chang CC, Lin CH (2006) Optimal H∞ output feedback control systems with time delay. J Eng Mech 132(10):1096–1105

    Google Scholar 

  92. Boccia A, Vinter R (2017) The maximum principle for optimal control problems with time delays. SIAM J Control Optim 55(5):2905–2935

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  93. Du H, Zhang N (2008) H∞ control for buildings with time delay in control via linear matrix inequalities and genetic algorithms. Eng Struct 30(1):81–92

    Google Scholar 

  94. Yang JN, Akbarpour A, Askar G (1991) Effect of time delay on control of seismic-excited buildings. J Struct Eng 116(10):2801–2814

    Google Scholar 

  95. Liu K, Chen L, Cai G (2015) H∞ control of a building structure with time-varying delay. Adv Struct Eng 18(5):643–657

    Google Scholar 

  96. Ha QP, Nguyen MT, Li J, Kwok NM (2013) Smart structures with current-driven MR dampers: modeling and second-order sliding mode control. IEEE/ASME Trans Mechatron 18(6):1702–1712

    Google Scholar 

  97. Azar AT, Zhu Q (2015) Advances and applications in sliding mode control systems Studies in Computational Intelligence. Springer, Berlin, p 590

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  98. Utkin V (1977) Variable structure systems with sliding modes. IEEE Trans Automat Contr 22(2):212–222

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  99. Bikdash M, Kunchithapadam V, Ragunathan K, Homaifar A (2000) Comparison of quasi bang-bang and sliding mode controls for a DC shunt motor with time delay. Nonlinear Dyn 23(1):87–102

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  100. Adhikari R, Yamaguchi H, Yamazaki T (1998) Modal space sliding-mode control of structure. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 27(11):1303–1314

    Google Scholar 

  101. Yesmin A, Bera MK (2019) Design of event-triggered sliding mode controller based on reaching law with time varying event generation approach. Eur J Control 48:30–41

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  102. Zhao B, Lu X, Wu M, Mei Z (2000) Sliding mode control of buildings with base-isolation hybrid protective system. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 29(3):315–326

    Google Scholar 

  103. Allen M, Bernelli-Zazzera F, Scattolini R (2000) Sliding mode control of a large flexible space structure. Control Eng Pract 8(8):861–871

    Google Scholar 

  104. Monajemi NF, Rofooei FR (2007) Decentralized sliding mode control of multistory buildings. Struct Des Tall Spec Build 16(2):181–204

    Google Scholar 

  105. Xiang X, Liu C, Su H, Zhang Q (2017) On decentralized adaptive full-order sliding mode control of multiple UAVs. ISA Trans 71:196–205

    Google Scholar 

  106. Yakut O, Alli H (2011) Neural based sliding-mode control with moving sliding surface for the seismic isolation of structures. J Vib Control 17(14):2103–2116

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  107. Li Z, DengZ, Gu Z New sliding mode control of building structure using RBF neural networks. In: Proceedings of Chinese Control and Decision Conference: 2010. IEEE: 2820–2825

  108. Alli H, Yakut O (2005) Fuzzy sliding-mode control of structures. Eng Struct 27(2):277–284

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  109. Chu Y, Fei J, Hou S (2019) Adaptive Global Sliding-Mode Control for Dynamic. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 31(4):1–13

    Google Scholar 

  110. Zhou L, Chang CC, Wang LX (2003) Adaptive fuzzy control for nonlinear building-magnetorheological damper system. J Struct Eng 129(7):905–913

    Google Scholar 

  111. Chen SA, Cheng JW, Yao M, Kim YB (2017) Improved optimal sliding mode control for a non-linear vehicle active suspension system. J Sound Vib 395:1–25

    Google Scholar 

  112. Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu L (2019) Adaptive finite-time NN control for 3-DOF active suspension systems with displacement constraints. IEEE Access 7:13577–13588

    Google Scholar 

  113. Kim J, Jung J, Lee I (2000) Optimal structural control using neural networks. J Eng Mech 126(2):201–205

    Google Scholar 

  114. Zapateiro M, Luo N, Karimi HR, Vehí J (2009) Vibration control of a class of semiactive suspension system using neural network and backstepping techniques. Mech Syst Signal Process 23(3):1946–1953

    Google Scholar 

  115. Pang H, Liu F, Xu Z (2018) Variable universe fuzzy control for vehicle semi-active suspension system with MR damper combining fuzzy neural network and particle swarm optimization. Neurocomputing 306:130–140

    Google Scholar 

  116. Wan YK, Ghaboussi J, Venini P, Nikzad K (1995) Control of structures using neural networks. Smart Mater Struct 4(1A):A149

    Google Scholar 

  117. Hidaka S, Ahn YK, Morishita S (1999) Adaptive vibration control by a variable-damping dynamic absorber using ER fluid. J Vib Acoust 121(3):373–378

    Google Scholar 

  118. Amiri GG, Rad AA, Aghajari S, Hazaveh NK (2012) Generation of near-field artificial ground motions compatible with median-predicted spectra using PSO-based neural network and wavelet analysis. Comput Aided Civ Infrastruct Eng 27(9):711–730

    Google Scholar 

  119. Madan A (2005) Vibration control of building structures using self-organizing and self-learning neural networks. J Sound Vib 287(4):759–784

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  120. Laflamme S, Connor JJ (2009) Application of self-tuning Gaussian networks for control of civil structures equipped with magnetorheological dampers. Smart Structures and Materials Non-destructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring. SPIE, Bellingham

    Google Scholar 

  121. Laflamme S, Slotine JJE, Connor JJ (2011) Wavelet network for semi-active control. J Eng Mech 137(7):462–474

    Google Scholar 

  122. Solgi Y, Ganjefar S (2018) Variable structure fuzzy wavelet neural network controller for complex nonlinear systems. Appl Soft Comput 64:674–685

    Google Scholar 

  123. Bozorgvar M, Zahrai SM (2019) Semi-active seismic control of buildings using MR damper and adaptive neural-fuzzy intelligent controller optimized with genetic algorithm. J Vib Control 25(2):273–285

    Google Scholar 

  124. Saeed MU, Sun Z, Elias S (2022) Semi-active vibration control of building structure by self-tuned brain emotional learning based intelligent controller. J Build Eng 46:103664

    Google Scholar 

  125. Jafarzadeh S, Mirheidari R, Motlagh MRJ, Barkhordari M (2008) Designing PID and BELBIC controllers in path tracking problem. Int J Comput Commun Control 3:343–348

    Google Scholar 

  126. Mamdani EH (1974) Application of fuzzy algorithms for control of simple dynamic plant. Proceed Inst Elect Eng 121(12):1585–1588

    Google Scholar 

  127. Razieh AG, Khotanlou H, Esmaeilpour M (2016) Fuzzy evolutionary cellular learning automata model for text summarization. Swarm Evol Comput 30:11–26

    Google Scholar 

  128. Collins EG, Selekwa MF (2002) A fuzzy logic approach to LQG design with variance constraints. IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol 10(1):32–42

    Google Scholar 

  129. Das D: ANN-cum-fuzzy control of seismic response using MR dampers. In: 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. 2012

  130. Ma F: An improved fuzzy PID control algorithm applied in liquid mixing system. In: proceeding of IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation: 2014. 587–591

  131. Ali SF, Ramaswamy A (2009) Optimal fuzzy logic control for MDOF structural systems using evolutionary algorithms. Eng Appl Artif Intell 22(3):407–419

    Google Scholar 

  132. Rao ARM, Sivasubramanian K (2008) Multi-objective optimal design of fuzzy logic controller using a self-configurable swarm intelligence algorithm. Comput Struct 86(23–24):2141–2154

    Google Scholar 

  133. Nazarimofrad E, Zahrai SM (2018) Fuzzy control of asymmetric plan buildings with active tuned mass damper considering soil-structure interaction. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 115:838–852

    Google Scholar 

  134. Nguyen XB, Komatsuzaki T, Iwata Y, Asanuma H (2018) Modeling and semi-active fuzzy control of magnetorheological elastomer-based isolator for seismic response reduction. Mech Syst Signal Process 101:449–466

    Google Scholar 

  135. Ahlawat A, Ramaswamy A (2001) Multiobjective optimal structural vibration control using fuzzy logic control system. J Struct Eng 127(11):1330–1337

    Google Scholar 

  136. Gu X, Yu Y, Li Y, Li J, Askari M, Samali B (2019) Experimental study of semi-active magnetorheological elastomer base isolation system using optimal neuro fuzzy logic control. Mech Syst Signal Process 119:380–398

    Google Scholar 

  137. Choi KM, Cho SW, Jung HJ, Lee IW (2004) Semi-active fuzzy control for seismic response reduction using magnetorheological dampers. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 33(6):723–736

    Google Scholar 

  138. Tang X, Du H, Sun S, Ning D, Xing Z, Li W (2017) Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control for semi-active vehicle suspension with a magnetorheological damper and experimental validation. IEEE/ASME Trans Mechatron 22(1):291–300

    Google Scholar 

  139. Park KS, Koh HM, Ok SY (2002) Active control of earthquake excited structures using fuzzy supervisory technique. Adv Eng Softw 33(11):761–768

    Google Scholar 

  140. Das D, Datta TK, Madan A (2012) Semiactive fuzzy control of the seismic response of building frames with MR dampers. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 41(1):99–118

    Google Scholar 

  141. Ali SF, Ramaswamy A (2009) Testing and modeling of MR damper and its application to SDOF systems using integral backstepping technique. J Dyn Syst Meas Control 131(2):21009–21011

    Google Scholar 

  142. Takin K, Doroudi R, Doroudi S (2021) Vibration control of structure by optimising the placement of semi-active dampers and fuzzy logic controllers. Aust J Struct Eng 22(3):222–235

    Google Scholar 

  143. Valencia LAL, Gonzalez YV, Zambrano DMB (2022) Study of a semi-active control system to reduce lateral displacement in framed structures under seismic load. Ing inv 42(3):4

    Google Scholar 

  144. Wu JL (2017) A simultaneous mixed LQR/H∞ control approach to the design of reliable active suspension controllers. Asian J Control 19(2):415–427

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  145. Shafieezadeh A, Ryan K, Chen Y (2008) Fractional order filter enhanced LQR for seismic protection of civil structures. J Comput Nonlinear Dyn 3(2):21404–21407

    Google Scholar 

  146. Dyke SJ, SpencerJr BF, Sain MK, Carlson JD (1996) Modeling and control of magnetorheological dampers for seismic response reduction. Smart Mater Struct 5(5):565

    Google Scholar 

  147. Chang CS, Liu TS (2007) LQG controller for active vibration absorber in optical disk drive. IEEE Trans Magn 43(2):799–801

    Google Scholar 

  148. Choi SB, Hong SR, Sung KG, Sohn JW (2008) Optimal control of structural vibrations using a mixed-mode magnetorheological fluid mount. Int J Mech Sci 50(3):559–568

    Google Scholar 

  149. Katebi J, Shoaei PM, Shariati M, Trung NT, Khorami M (2020) Developed comparative analysis of metaheuristic optimization algorithms for optimal active control of structures. Eng Comput 36(4):1539–1558

    Google Scholar 

  150. Jansen LM, Dyke SJ (2000) Semiactive control strategies for MR dampers: comparative study. J Eng Mech 126(8):795–803

    Google Scholar 

  151. Panariello GF, Betti R, Longman RW (1997) Optimal structural control via training on ensemble of earthquakes. J Eng Mech 123(11):1170–1179

    Google Scholar 

  152. Barkefors A, Sternad M, Brännmark LJ (2014) Design and analysis of Linear Quadratic Gaussian feedforward controllers for active noise control. IEEE/ACM Trans Audio Speech Lang Process 22(12):1777–1791

    Google Scholar 

  153. Alavinasab A, Moharrami H, Khajepour A (2006) Active control of structures using energy-based LQR method. Comput Aided Civ Infrastruct Eng 21(8):605–611

    Google Scholar 

  154. Basu B, Nagarajaiah S (2008) A wavelet-based time-varying adaptive LQR algorithm for structural control. Eng Struct 30:2470–2477

    Google Scholar 

  155. Li Y, Liu J, Wang Y: Design approach of weighting matrices for LQR based on multi-objective evolution algorithm. In: International Conference on Information and Automation: 2008. IEEE:1188–1192

  156. Amini F, Hazaveh NK, Rad AA (2013) Wavelet PSO-based LQR algorithm for optimal structural control using active tuned mass dampers. Comput Aided Civ Infrastruct Eng 28(7):542–557

    Google Scholar 

  157. Basu B, Nagarajaiah S (2010) Multiscale wavelet-LQR controller for linear time varying systems. J Eng Mech 136(9):1143–1151

    Google Scholar 

  158. Wongsathan C, Sirima C: Application of GA to design LQR controller for an inverted pendulum system. In: International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics: 2008. IEEE:951–954

  159. Dominguez A, Sedaghati R, Stiharu I (2008) Modeling and application of MR dampers in semi-adaptive structures. Comput Struct 86(3–5):407–415

    Google Scholar 

  160. Liu YF, Lin TK, Chang KC (2018) Analytical and experimental studies on building mass damper system with semi-active control device. Struct Control Health Monit 25(6):e2154

    Google Scholar 

  161. Suthar SJ, Patil VB, Jangid RS (2022) Optimization of MR Optimization of MR dampers for wind-excited benchmark tall building. Pract Period Struct Des Constr 27(4):04022048

    Google Scholar 

  162. Lee HJ, Jung HJ, Cho SW, Lee IW (2008) An experimental study of semiactive modal neuro-control scheme using MR damper for building structure. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 19(9):1005–1015

    Google Scholar 

  163. Datta TK (2003) A state-of-the-art review on active control of structures. ISET J Earthq Technol 40(1):1–17

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  164. Sun LL, Hansen CH, Doolan C (2015) Evaluation of the performance of a passive-active vibration isolation system. Mech Syst Signal Process 50:480–497

    Google Scholar 

  165. Owji HR, Shirazi AHN, Sarvestani HH (2011) A comparison between a new semi-active tuned mass damper and an active tuned mass damper. Procedia Eng 14:2779–2787

    Google Scholar 

  166. Kumar G, Kumar A (2017) Fourier transform and particle swarm optimization based modified LQR algorithm for mitigation of vibrations using magnetorheological dampers. Smart Mater Struct 26(11):115013

    Google Scholar 

  167. Spencer B, Dyke S, Sain M, Carlson M (1997) Phenomenological model for magnetorheological dampers. J Eng Mech 123(3):230–238

    Google Scholar 

  168. Yang G, SpencerJr BF, Jung HJ (2004) Dynamic modeling of large-scale magnetorheological damper systems for civil engineering applications. J Eng Mech 130(9):1107–1114

    Google Scholar 

  169. Dyke SJ, Spencer BF: A comparison of semi-active control strategies for the MR damper. In: Proceedings of Intelligent Information Systems: 1997. IEEE:580–584

  170. Wang JC, Lv LF, Ren JY, Chen SA (2022) Time delay compensation control using a Taylor series compound robust scheme for a semi-active suspension with magneto rheological damper. Asian J Control 24(5):2632–2648

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Alliance College of Engineering and Design, Alliance University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Gaurav Kumar

  2. School of Electronic and Information Technology, Miami College of Henan University, Kaifeng, China

    Roshan Kumar

  3. Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India

    Ashok Kumar

Authors
  1. Gaurav Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Roshan Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ashok Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roshan Kumar.

Ethics declarations

Competing Interests

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kumar, G., Kumar, R. & Kumar, A. A Review of the Controllers for Structural Control. Arch Computat Methods Eng 30, 3977–4000 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-023-09931-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-023-09931-y

Search

Navigation