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Transcriptomic analysis reveals that cell wall- and hypersensitive response (HR)-related genes are involved in the responses of apple to Valsa mali

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Abstract

The necrotrophic pathogen Valsa mali (Vm) resulting Valsa canker of apple is considered one of the most destructing fungal diseases. To study the resistance mechanism, we investigated gene expression profiles of suspension cells from resistant varieties ‘Dongbeishanjingzi’ (DS, Malus baccata) and susceptible varieties ‘Gala’ (GL, Malus × domestica) in response to Vm metabolism (VmM) using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Functional enrichment showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were widely involved in multiple metabolisms or signals, such as “Lipid metabolic process”, “plant hormone signal transduction” and “plant-pathogen interaction”. Further expressional patterns exhibited that induction of genes related to ‘‘xyloglucan biosynthetic process’’ and ‘‘cell wall biogenesis’’ was beneficial for cell wall integrity and tolerance of DS cells. In brassinosteroid signaling, we identified that TCH4 gene MbTCH4-1 positively regulated Vm resistance of ‘Fuji’ fruit, but BSK gene MdBSK1 negatively regulated the resistance. In contrast, cell death associated with hypersensitive response caused by up-regulation of CNGCs and CDPK genes is an important cause of weakened tolerance in GL cells. Our results provide a new insight direction for the molecular mechanism of apple against Valsa canker.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31860545), and Gansu Science and Technology Program (2021QB-030 and 2019C-11).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China

    Chao Wang, Xia Mao, Dan Zhao, Hongqiang Yu, Hu Duo, E. Sun, Yuan Lu & Cunwu Zuo

  2. Key Laboratory of Crop Science in arid Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China

    Cunwu Zuo

Authors
  1. Chao Wang
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  2. Xia Mao
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  3. Dan Zhao
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  4. Hongqiang Yu
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  5. Hu Duo
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  6. E. Sun
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  7. Yuan Lu
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  8. Cunwu Zuo
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Contributions

CWZ conceived the idea. CWZ, CW, and XM designed the experiments. CW, XM, and DZ performed experiments. CW, XM, HQY, HD, ES, and YL analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. CW, CWZ, and DZ revised the manuscript. CWZ supervised the study. All authors read the paper and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Cunwu Zuo.

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Wang, C., Mao, X., Zhao, D. et al. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that cell wall- and hypersensitive response (HR)-related genes are involved in the responses of apple to Valsa mali. Plant Biotechnol Rep 16, 539–551 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-022-00763-z

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