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New understanding of the effect of particle mass loading on the performance of a square cyclone at low and high gas temperatures

  • Polymer, Industrial Chemistry
  • Published:
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Although particle loading is often assumed to have a significant impact on fluid flow in cyclone separators, the specific effect can be confusing due to a lack of fundamental knowledge of the operating principles. The problem was addressed in this work by numerically analyzing the particle mass loading impact of different sizes on the flow within the square cyclone separator using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. This type of cyclone is an effective cleaning mechanism for high-temperature gases in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. Therefore, it is also critical to investigate the effect of particle mass loading on gas flow at low and high temperatures, which has yet to be taken into account in the literature. Consequently, the current study focuses on this issue as a first step toward developing square cyclones by better understanding the influence of particle concentration on airflow. To describe particle flow, the Eulerian-Lagrangian technique was used to solve the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations. The discrete random walk (DRW) was employed to evaluate velocity fluctuations. The results demonstrated that as particle mass loading increased, the sweeping impact of enhanced larger particles caused the smaller particles to flow toward the wall region, increasing particle concentration at the wall region. The particle concentration at the bottom of the square cyclone increased 11 times when the particle mass loading increased from 6.9 to 41.7 g/m3. As the tangential velocity of the gas increased with particle mass loading, more particles accumulated at the bottom of the conical section and remained there for an extended length of time, increasing the chances of their separation.

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Abbreviations

CD :

drag coefficient

v :

kinematic viscosity [m2/s]

K:

fluctuating kinetic energy [m2/s2]

ui :

gas velocity [m/s]

gi :

gravitational acceleration [m/s2]

Pf :

fluctuating energy production [m2/s3]

μ :

dynamic viscosity [kg/ms]

ρ :

density [kg/m3]

ρ p :

particle density [kg/m3]

R ij :

Reynolds stress tensor

u pi :

particle velocity [m/s]

t:

time [s]

ε :

turbulence dissipation rate [m2/s3]

v:

velocity [m/s]

dp :

particle diameter [µm]

Rep :

relative Reynolds number

P:

pressure [Pa]

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

    Ebrahim Hosseini, Hossein Fatahian & Esmaeel Fatahian

Authors
  1. Ebrahim Hosseini
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  2. Hossein Fatahian
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  3. Esmaeel Fatahian
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Correspondence to Ebrahim Hosseini.

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Hosseini, E., Fatahian, H. & Fatahian, E. New understanding of the effect of particle mass loading on the performance of a square cyclone at low and high gas temperatures. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 39, 3482–3496 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1205-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1205-1

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