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Acoustic emission precursors of static and dynamic instability for coarse-grained hard rock

粗晶硬岩静力与动力失稳的声发射前兆

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Abstract

To investigate the acoustic emission (AE) precursors of coarse-grained hard rock instability, an experimental study on the rockburst and slabbing process of granite was carried out using a true triaxial test system. The evolution of the AE signals was monitored and analyzed in terms of the AE hit rate, fractal dimension of the AE hit number, AE count rate, b-value, dominant frequency and microcrack type. The test results show that after rock slabbing occurs, the AE precursors that can be used to predict the final dynamic instability (rockburst) are as follows: indicators such as the AE hit rate and AE count rate suddenly increase and then suddenly decrease; the AE hit rate exhibits a “quiet period”; during the “quiet period”, a small number of high-amplitude and low-frequency hits occur, and the signals corresponding to shear fracture continue to increase. The AE precursors for the final static instability (spalling) are as follows: both the AE hit rate and the b-value continuously decrease, and intermittent sudden increases appear in the high-frequency hits or the AE count rate.

摘要

为了探究粗晶硬岩失稳的声发射前兆, 采用真三轴试验系统开展花岗岩的岩爆与板裂过程的试验研究, 对试验过程中岩样声发射信号进行了监测与分析, 获得了岩爆和板裂试验的声发射信号在撞击数、撞击数分形维数、振铃计数率、b 值、主频和微破裂类型等方面的演化特征。试验结果表明, 在岩板劈裂发生后, 可用于预测岩样最终失稳模式为岩爆的声发射前兆是: 一旦AE 撞击数或振铃计数率等指标突然上升后又突然下降, 出现“平静期”, “平静期”期间出现少量高幅值低频的撞击且剪切破裂声发射信号持续增加; 可用于预测岩样最终失稳模式为板裂后折断的声发射前兆是: AE 撞击数时间分形维数、声发射b 值均呈持续下降趋势的同时, 出现高频撞击点或振铃计数率间歇性突增现象。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Guo-shao Su  (苏国韶), Wei Gan  (甘伟), Shao-bin Zhai  (翟少彬) & Guo-fu Zhao  (赵国富)

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  1. Guo-shao Su  (苏国韶)
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  2. Wei Gan  (甘伟)
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  3. Shao-bin Zhai  (翟少彬)
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  4. Guo-fu Zhao  (赵国富)
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Contributions

SU Guo-shao wrote the manuscript. GAN Wei set-up and performed the experiments. ZHAI Shao-bin and ZHAO Guo-fu analyzed some of the experimental data.

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Correspondence to Guo-shao Su  (苏国韶).

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Conflict of interest

SU Guo-shao, GAN Wei, ZHAI Shao-bin and ZHAN Fu-guo declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Foundation item: Project(51869003) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(T3030097958) supported by the High Level Innovation Team and Outstanding Scholar Program of Universities in Guagnxi Province, China

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Su, Gs., Gan, W., Zhai, Sb. et al. Acoustic emission precursors of static and dynamic instability for coarse-grained hard rock. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 27, 2883–2898 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-020-4516-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-020-4516-6

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