Abstract
The Kewda essential oil (KEO) extracted from Pandanus odorifer male flower was evaluated for its phytochemical profiles, antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae and their reference strains, MTCC 740 and MTCC 109 respectively. As evident from GC-MS analysis, the phytochemical profiles revealed the presence of 2-phenyl ethyl methyl ether (PEME) and Terpinen-4-ol as prominent secondary metabolites. The MIC of KEO was 5% (v/v) against all the test bacteria. The KEO exhibited strong antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against test bacteria. A significant reduction in the biofilm production was observed with an inhibition of 67.51 ± 1.29% and 61.17 ± 3.75% against K. pneumoniae and 71.76 ± 4.56% and 59.3 ± 6.24% against S. aureus. The light and fluorescence microscopic analysis confirmed a significant decrease in the density and thickness of the biofilm matrix against both the clinical and reference strains when treated with sub-MIC of KEO.
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Abbreviations
- CLSI:
-
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
- CRA:
-
Congo Red Agar
- EPS:
-
Extracellular Polymeric Substances
- ESKAPE:
-
Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.
- FT-IR:
-
Fourier Transform Infrared
- GC-MS:
-
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy
- IMTECH:
-
Institute of Microbial Technology
- KEO:
-
Kewda Essential Oil
- KBr:
-
Potassium bromide
- MHB:
-
Mueller Hinton Broth
- BHI:
-
Brain Heart Infusion
- MIC:
-
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
- PBS:
-
Phosphate Buffer Solution
- MTCC:
-
Microbial Type Culture Collection
- NIST:
-
National Institute of Standards and Technology
- PEME:
-
2-phenyl ethyl methyl ether
- TTC:
-
2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride
- VIMSAR:
-
Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
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Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge OHEPEE, Govt. of Odisha, through the World Bank initiative for providing financial support. The author, Subhaswaraj Pattnaik also gratefully acknowledges the Science and Engineering Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India for the award of National Post-Doctoral Fellowship (NPDF) programme (Ref. Number: PDF/2021/001260).
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Priya Cheruvanachari: Methodology, Data analyses, Original draft preparation. Monika Mishra: Design of the study, Methodology, Data analysis, Original draft preparation, Writing - Review and editing. Subhaswaraj Pattnaik: Conceptualization, Design of the study, Methodology, Data analysis, Original draft preparation, Writing - Review and editing, Funding acquisition. Pradeep Kumar Naik: Conceptualization, Design of the study, Writing - Review and Editing, Funding acquisition.
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Cheruvanachari, P., Mishra, M., Pattnaik, S. et al. Determination of antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential of Kewda essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biologia 78, 2253–2260 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01360-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01360-3