Abstract
In the present study, the effects of β-escin, a central component of the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) plant, were on oxidative stress, inflammation, and islet cells of Langerhans investigated in type 2 diabetes. In the experimental type 2 diabetes model, rats were first fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for ten weeks. Then, type 2 diabetes was induced by a double dose of 30 mg/kg streptozotocin injection at five-day intervals. The experimental animals were administered three different β-escin doses (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg) by gavage for four weeks after the type-2 diabetes was induced. Essential biochemical (insulin, glucose, ghrelin, cholesterol, triglyceride, and VLDL), inflammation (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-18, leptin, adiponectin), and oxidative stress (TAS, TOS, OSI) parameters were analyzed in the study samples. Furthermore, caspase three positive (cas3+) and insulin-positive (Ins+) cell rates were determined with immunohistochemical methods to identify the effects of β-escin on pancreatic tissue islet cells. The analysis revealed that administering various β-escin doses increased beta cell functions by inhibiting apoptosis in pancreatic islet cells and increasing insulin synthesis in rats with type 2 diabetes. Thus, it was concluded that β-escin exhibited antidiabetic activities since increased serum insulin levels and decreased blood glucose levels were observed. Furthermore, it was determined that inflammation was reduced with the decrease in glucotoxicity due to β-escin administration. The findings suggested that β-escin may be employed in treating diabetic complications.
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Change history
24 November 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01278-2
Abbreviations
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- ATP:
-
Adenosine triphosphate
- Cas3+ :
-
Caspase 3 positive
- ELISA:
-
Enzyme-linked ımmunosorbent assay
- HFD:
-
High-Fat Diet
- HOMA-IR:
-
Homeostasis model assessment ınsulin resistant
- HOMA-β:
-
Homeostasis model assessment beta cell function
- IFN-γ:
-
Interferon gamma
- IL-10:
-
Interleukın-10
- IL-18:
-
Interleukın-18
- IL-1α:
-
Interleukın-1α
- IL-1β:
-
Interleukın -1β
- IL-6:
-
Interleukın-6
- Ins+ :
-
Insulin positive
- OSI:
-
Oxidative stres ındex
- RBP4:
-
Retinol binding protein-4
- STZ:
-
Streptozotocin
- TAS:
-
Total antioxidant status
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor necrosis factor-α
- TOS:
-
Total oxidant status
- VLDL:
-
Very low-density lipoprotein
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [Grant No. 17.FENED.11], Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. We thank Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit for supporting our work. In addition, some parameters (TAS, TOS and OSI levels) related to oxidative stress in the study were presented in a congress called “Uluslararası 29 Ekim Bilimsel Araştırmalar Sempozyumu”.
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Ömer Hazman; Methodology, Investigation, Writing-Reviewing and Editing; Zehra Betül Kumral; Applications to experimental animals and Biochemical analysis, Mehmet Savrık, Bobur Sındarov; Investigation, Writing-Original draft preparation and Biochemical analysis; Mehmet Fatih Bozkurt: Pathological analysis, Visualization, Data curation, Ahmet Büyükben: Writing and Editing.
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Hazman, Ö., Bozkurt, M.F., Kumral, Z.B. et al. The effects of β-escin on inflammation, oxidative stress and Langerhans islet cells in high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection induced experimental type-2 diabetes model. Biologia 78, 549–561 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01266-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01266-6