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Troponin as a predictor of outcomes in transcatheter aortic valve implantation: systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is emerging as a therapeutic gold standard in the management of aortic stenosis. However, post-procedural complications of this procedure are being increasingly recognised. We therefore performed this systematic review and meta-analysis on the prognostic value of elevated troponin prior to TAVI to predict risk of post-procedural complications.

Methods

We searched Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library from inception until May 2022, and included studies on the association between elevated pre-procedural troponin with 30-day mortality, long-term mortality, and post-procedural myocardial injury (PPMI). We generated summary odds ratios (OR) and hazards ratios (HR) using random-effects meta-analysis and performed subgroup analyses to evaluate differences in troponin threshold selection. Inter-study heterogeneity was tested using the I2 test.

Results

We included 10 studies involving 4200 patients. Serum troponin elevation prior to TAVI was significantly associated with long-term mortality [HR = 2.09 (95% CI 1.30–3.36)], but not with 30-day mortality [OR 1.76 (95% CI 0.96–3.22)]. Subgroup analysis showed a trend towards increased effect size and statistical significance for 30-day mortality as troponin elevation was more narrowly defined. Two studies reported on PPMI and found no statistically significant mean difference between groups.

Conclusions

Raised serum troponin is associated with increased long-term mortality following TAVI. Further clarification on the optimal troponin threshold for risk identification is required. High-quality studies that utilise ROC analysis for threshold selection are warranted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Jacqueline Nguyen Khuong, Zhengyang Liu, Sarah M. Jackson & Luke A. Perry

  2. Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Jacqueline Nguyen Khuong, Zhengyang Liu & Sarah M. Jackson

  3. Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

    Ryan Campbell

  4. Department of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia

    Carla Borg Caruana

  5. Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Dhruvesh M. Ramson & Jahan C. Penny-Dimri

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  1. Jacqueline Nguyen Khuong
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Correspondence to Jacqueline Nguyen Khuong.

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Khuong, J.N., Liu, Z., Campbell, R. et al. Troponin as a predictor of outcomes in transcatheter aortic valve implantation: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 71, 12–19 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11748-022-01888-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11748-022-01888-2

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