Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chemical Composition of Seed Oils Recovered from Different Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Cultivars

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Abstract

Lipophilic bioactive compounds in oils recovered from the seeds of eight pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars were studied. Oil yield in pear seeds ranged between 16.3 and 31.5 % (w/w) dw. The main fatty acids were palmitic acid (6.13–8.52 %), oleic acid (27.39–38.17 %) and linoleic acid (50.73–63.78 %), all three representing 96–99 % of the total detected fatty acids. The range of total tocochromanols was between 120.5 and 216.1 mg/100 g of oil. Independent of the cultivar, the γ-tocopherol was the main tocochromanol and constituted approximately 88 %. The contents of the carotenoids and squalene were between 0.69–2.99 and 25.5–40.8 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. The β-sitosterol constituted 83.4–87.6 % of total sterols contents, which ranged between 276.4 and 600.1 mg/100 g of oil. Three significant correlations were found between oil yield and total contents of sterols (r = −0.893), tocochromanols (r = −0.955) and carotenoids (r = −0.685) in pear seed oils.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Nyam KL, Tan CP, Lai OM, Long K, Che Man Y (2009) Physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of selected seed oils LWT—Food Sci Technol 42:1396–1403

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Fromm M, Bayha S, Carle R, Kammerer DR (2012) Comparison of fatty acid profiles and contents of seed oils recovered from dessert and cider apples and further Rosaceous plants. Eur Food Res Technol 234:1033–1041

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Cenkowski S, Yakimishen R, Przybylski R, Muir W (2006) Quality of extracted sea buckthorn seed and pulp oil, Can Agric Eng 48:3.9–3.16

  4. Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Segliņa D (2014) Lipophilic composition of eleven apple seed oils: A promising source of unconventional oil from industry by-products. Ind Crops Prod 60:86–91

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Górnaś P, Pugajeva I, Segliņa D (2014) Seeds recovered from by-products of selected fruit processing as a rich source of tocochromanols: RP-HPLC/FLD and RP-UPLC-ESI/MSn study. Eur Food Res Technol 239:519–524

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Górnaś P, Segliņa D, Lācis G, Pugajeva I (2014) Dessert and crab apple seeds as a promising and rich source of all four homologues of tocopherol (α, β, γ and δ). LWT—Food Sci. Technol 59:211–214

    Google Scholar 

  7. Górnaś P, Soliven A, Segliņa D (2015) Seed oils recovered from industrial fruit by-products are a rich source of tocopherols and tocotrienols: Rapid separation of α/β/γ/δ homologues by RP-HPLC/FLD. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 117:773–777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Fromm M, Bayha S, Kammerer DR, Carle R (2012) Identification and quantitation of carotenoids and tocopherols in seed oils recovered from different rosaceae species. J Agric Food Chem 60:10733–10742

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Górnaś P, Siger A, Segliņa D (2013) Physicochemical characteristics of the cold-pressed Japanese quince seed oil: New promising unconventional bio-oil from by-products for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. Ind Crops Prod 48:178–182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Dwiecki K, Górnaś P, Jackowiak H, Nogala-Kałucka M, Polewski K (2007) The effect of D-alpha-tocopherol on the solubilization of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine membrane by anionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate. J Food Lipids 14:50–61

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Dwiecki K, Górnaś P, Wilk A, Nogala-Kałucka M, Polewski K (2007) Spectroscopic studies of D-α-tocopherol concentration-induced transformation in egg phosphatidylcholne vesicles. Cell Mol Biol Lett 12:51–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Nogala-Kałucka M, Dwiecki K, Siger A, Górnaś P, Polewski K, Ciosek S (2013) Antioxidant synergism and antagonism between tocotrienols, quercetin and rutin in model system. Acta Aliment 42:360–370

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Neunert G, Górnaś P, Dwiecki K, Siger A, Polewski K (2015) Synergistic and antagonistic effects between alpha-tocopherol and phenolic acids in liposome system: spectroscopic study. Eur Food Res Technol 241:749–757

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Eitenmiller R, Lee J (2004) Vitamin E: food chemistry, composition, and analysis. Marcel Dekker, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. Aggarwal BB, Sundaram C, Prasad S, Kannappan R (2010) Tocotrienols, the vitamin E of the 21st century: its potential against cancer and other chronic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 80:1613–1631

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen Z-Y, Jiao R, Ma KY (2008) Cholesterol-lowering nutraceuticals and functional foods. J Agric Food Chem 56:8761–8773

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Warleta F, Campos M, Allouche Y, Sánchez-Quesada C, Ruiz-Mora J, Beltrán G, Gaforio JJ (2010) Squalene protects against oxidative DNA damage in MCF10A human mammary epithelial cells but not in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 48:1092–1100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Aust O, Sies H, Stahl W, Polidori MC (2001) Analysis of lipophilic antioxidants in human serum and tissues: tocopherols and carotenoids. J Chromatogr A 936:83–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Górnaś P, Mišina I, Lāce B, Lācis G, Segliņa D (2015) Tocochromanols composition in seeds recovered from different pear cultivars: RP-HPLC/FLD and RP-UPLC-ESI/MSn study. LWT—Food Sci Technol 62:104–107

    Google Scholar 

  20. AOCS (2005) Official Method Ce 1 h-05 Determination of cis-, trans-, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in vegetable or non-ruminant animal oils and fats by capillary GLC. Official methods and recommended practices of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 5th edn. American Oil Chemists’ Society, Urbana

  21. Górnaś P (2015) Unique variability of tocopherol composition in various seed oils recovered from by-products of apple industry: Rapid and simple determination of all four homologues (α, β, γ and δ) by RP-HPLC/FLD. Food Chem 172:129–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Górnaś P, Siger A, Czubinski J, Dwiecki K, Segliņa D, Nogala-Kalucka M (2014) An alternative RP-HPLC method for the separation and determination of tocopherol and tocotrienol homologues as butter authenticity markers: A comparative study between two European countries. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 116:895–903

    Google Scholar 

  23. AOCS (1997) Official Method Ch 6-91, Determination of the composition of the sterol fraction of animal and vegetable oils and fats by TLC and capillary GLC. Official methods and recommended practices of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 4th edn. American Oil Chemists’ Society, Urbana

  24. Yukui R, Wenya W, Rashid F, Qing L (2009) Fatty acids composition of apple and pear seed oils. Int J Food Prop 12:774–779

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Górnaś P, Siger A, Juhņeviča K, Lācis G, Šnē E, Segliņa D (2014) Cold-pressed Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach) seed oil as a rich source of α-tocopherol, carotenoids and phenolics: A comparison of the composition and antioxidant activity with nine other plant oils. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 116:563–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Górnaś P, Mišina I, Ruisa S, Rubauskis E, Lācis G, Segliņa D (2015) Composition of tocochromanols in kernels recovered from different sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars: RP-HPLC/FLD and RP-UPLC-ESI/MSn study. Eur Food Res Technol 240:663–667

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Górnaś P, Mišina I, Grāvīte I, Soliven A, Kaufmane E, Segliņa D (2015) Tocochromanols composition in kernels recovered from different apricot varieties: RP-HPLC/FLD and RP-UPLC-ESI/MSn study. Nat Prod Res 29:1222–1227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Górnaś P, Mišina I, Grāvīte I, Lācis G, Radenkovs V, Olšteine A, Segliņa D, Kaufmane E, Rubauskis E (2015) Composition of tocochromanols in the kernels recovered from plum pits: the impact of the varieties and species on the potential utility value for industrial application. Eur Food Res Technol 241:513–520

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

This research was supported by the National Research Programme of Latvia “AgroBioRes” Nr.10-4/VPP-7/3.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing, Graudu Str. 1, Dobele, 3701, Latvia

    Paweł Górnaś, Inga Mišina & Dalija Segliņa

  2. Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland

    Magdalena Rudzińska & Marianna Raczyk

  3. School of Science and Health, Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), University of Western Sydney (Parramatta), Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Arianne Soliven

Authors
  1. Paweł Górnaś
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Magdalena Rudzińska
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Marianna Raczyk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Inga Mišina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Arianne Soliven
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Dalija Segliņa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paweł Górnaś.

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Górnaś, P., Rudzińska, M., Raczyk, M. et al. Chemical Composition of Seed Oils Recovered from Different Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Cultivars. J Am Oil Chem Soc 93, 267–274 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-015-2768-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-015-2768-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation