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Analysis of clinical application patterns in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of Alzheimer disease

针灸治疗阿尔茨海默病的临床应用规律分析

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Abstract

Objective

To summarize the clinical application patterns in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of AD by reviewing the clinical literatures on acupuncture-moxibustion for Alzheimer disease (AD) published between January 2009 and December 2019.

Methods

China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), Chinese Medicine Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Database, PubMed Medical Data Retrieval Service System, Springer Database and Ovid Technologies (OVID) were retrieved to screen clinical studies of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of AD according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria to conduct quantitative, clustering and association analyses.

Results

In acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of AD, the frequently used points were Baihui (GV 20), Zusanli (ST 36), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Taixi (KI 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), and Neiguan (PC 6) in the descending order. Regarding meridians, the most frequently used one was the Governor Vessel, followed by the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming and Gallbladder Meridian of Foot Shaoyang. From the perspective of body regions, the points in the head-face region and the lower-limb region had the highest frequencies, followed by the upper-limb, back and chest-abdomen regions. The point group, Baihui (GV 20) and Sishencong (EX-HN 1)-Neiguan (PC 6)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6), showed the most significant association, and the group winning the second place was Baihui (GV 20) and Sishencong (EX-HN 1)-Neiguan (PC 6)-Zusanli (ST 36). The clustering analysis showed that the commonly used point pairs included Zusanli (ST 36)-Sishencong (EX-HN 1) and Taixi (KI 3)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6), which were closely associated with Baihui (GV 20). By analyzing the three commonly used acupuncture-moxibustion methods, acupuncture plus medication was found achieving the best result in the total effective rate and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, followed by monotherapy of electroacupuncture therapy, and these two methods were superior to acupuncture alone (P<0.05); the scores of MMSE, Alzheimer disease assessment scale-cognitive section (ADAS-cog) and activity of daily living scale (ADL) showed significant improvements after treatment (all P<0.01).

Conclusion

In the acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions for AD, the main points are Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taixi (KI 3). Monotherapy of acupuncture has the highest frequency amongst the treatment methods, but its effective rate is lower than that of acupuncture plus medication and monotherapy of electroacupuncture.

摘要

目的

回顾 2009 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月发表的针灸治疗阿尔茨海默病(AD)的临床文献, 总结归纳针灸治疗阿尔茨海默病的临床应用规律.

方法

检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、 万方学术期刊全文数据库 (Wanfang)、 重庆维普数据库 (CQVIP)、 中医针灸信息库、 PubMed 医学文献检索服务系统、 Springer 数据库和 OVID 期刊数据库, 按照纳入和排除标准筛选针灸治疗AD 的临床研究文献, 进行计量分析、 聚类分析和关联性分析.

结果

针灸治疗 AD 应用频次较高的穴位依次为百会、 足三里、 四神聪、 太溪、 三阴交和内关. 从经脉来看, 督脉穴使用频次最高, 其次是足阳明胃经穴和足少阳胆经穴. 从部位来看, 头面部、 下肢部的腧穴使用频次最高, 其次为上肢、 背部、 胸腹部. 关联性最强的穴位组合为百会、 四神聪-内关-三阴交, 其次为百会、 四神聪-内关-足三里。 聚类分析结果得到常用的穴对有足三里-四神聪、 太溪-三阴交, 二者与百会有密切联系. 分析三种常用的针灸治疗方法发现, 针刺结合药物在总有效率方面和在改善简易智力状态评价量表(MMSE)评分方面效果最优, 其次为单独电针疗法, 二者均优于单独针刺(P<0.05); 治疗后, MMSE、 老年痴呆量表(ADAS-cog)和日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分均显著改善(均P<0.01).

结论

针灸治疗 AD 的组方中主要穴位组合为百会、 四神聪、 内关、 足三里、 三阴交和太溪. 治疗方法中单独针刺疗法的使用频率最高, 但有效率低于针刺结合药物疗法和单独电针疗法.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (国家自然科学基金项目, No. 81674073); Training Project for Talent Leader of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (上海市卫生计生系统优秀学科带头人培养计划项目, No. 2017BR047.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China

    Xiao-qing Dong  (董小庆), Xi-ying Li  (李茜莹), Li-jie Wu  (吴丽洁) & Xiao-peng Ma  (马晓芃)

  2. Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China

    Xie-he Kong  (孔谐和), Qin-feng Huang  (黄琴峰), Yan-ting Yang  (杨延婷), Ling Yang  (杨玲), Guang Yang  (杨光) & Xiao-peng Ma  (马晓芃)

  3. Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China

    Jian-rong Shi  (施建蓉)

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  1. Xiao-qing Dong  (董小庆)
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Correspondence to Xiao-peng Ma  (马晓芃) or Jian-rong Shi  (施建蓉).

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Co-first Authors: Dong Xiao-qing, master degree candidate; Li Xi-ying, master degree candidate

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Dong, Xq., Li, Xy., Kong, Xh. et al. Analysis of clinical application patterns in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of Alzheimer disease. J. Acupunct. Tuina. Sci. 18, 238–246 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11726-020-1183-y

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