References
Wang F-Y. Parallel system methods for management and control of complex systems. Control and Decision, 2004, 19(5): 485–489
Wang F-Y, Wang X, Li L, Li L. Steps toward parallel intelligence. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 2016, 3(4): 345–348
Wang F-Y, Zhang J J, Zheng X, Wang X, Yuan Y, Dai X, Zhang J, Yang L, Where does AlphaGo go: from Church-Turing thesis to AlphaGo thesis and beyond. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 2016, 3(2): 113–120
Kant I. Critique of Pure Reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999
Popper K R. Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972
Whitehead A N. Process and Reality (Gifford Lectures Delivered in the University of Edinburgh During the Session 1927-28). New York: Free Press, 1979
Simon H A. Theories of Bounded Rationality. Amesterdan: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1972
Minsky M. The Society of Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1988
Wang F-Y, Zheng N, Cao D, Martinez C, Liu T. Parallel driving in CPSS: a unified approach for transport automation and vehicle intelligence. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 2017, 4(4): 577–587
Li L, Lin Y, Zheng N, Wang F-Y. Parallel learning: a perspective and a framework. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 2017, 4(3): 389–395
Wang F-Y. The emergence of intelligent enterprises: from CPS to CPSS. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2010, 25(4): 85–88
Wang F-Y. Computational social systems in a new period: a fast transition into the 3rd axial age. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 2017, 4(3): 111–112
Wang K, Gou C, Zheng N, Rehg JM, Wang F-Y. Parallel vision for perception and understanding of complex scenes: methods, framework, and perspectives. Artificial Intelligence Review, 2017, 48(3): 299–329
Liu X, Wang X, Zhang W, Wang J, Wang F-Y. Parallel data: from big data to data intelligence. PR & AI, 2017, 30(8): 673–682
Wang K, Lu Y, Wang Y, Xiong Z, Wang F-Y. Parallel imaging: a new theoretical framework for image generation. PR & AI, 2017, 30(7): 577–587
Zhang J J, Gao DW, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhao X, Duan D, Dai X, Hao J, Wang F-Y. Social energy: mining energy from the society. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 2017, 4(3): 466–482
Zheng Y. Civilization is a By-product. Beijing: CITIC Press Group, 2016
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61533019, 71232006, 61702519).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Fei-Yue Wang received his PhD degree in computer and systems engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA in 1990. He joined the University of Arizona, USA in 1990 and became a professor and director of the Robotics and Automation Lab (RAL) and Program in Advanced Research for Complex Systems (PARCS). In 2011, he became the State Specially Appointed Expert and the Director of the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems. Dr. Wang’s current research focuses on methods and applications for parallel systems, social computing, and knowledge automation.
Jun Jason Zhang received his BE and ME degrees in electrical engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China in 2003 and 2005, respectively, and his PhD degree in electrical engineering from Arizona State University, USA in 2008. He is currently a professor of electrical engineering at Wuhan University, China. He has authored/coauthored over 90 peer reviewed publications. His research expertise is in the areas of complex systems, artificial intelligence, knowledge automation, and their applications in intelligent power and energy systems.
Xiao Wang received her Bachelor’s degree in network engineering from Dalian University of Technology, China in 2011, and the PhD degree in social computing from University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China in 2016. She is currently an assistant researcher in The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Her research interests include social transportation, cyber movement organizations, artificial intelligence, and social network analysis.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, FY., Zhang, J.J. & Wang, X. Parallel intelligence: toward lifelong and eternal developmental AI and learning in cyber-physical-social spaces. Front. Comput. Sci. 12, 401–405 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-018-7903-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-018-7903-5