Simulated management of inferior vena cava injury during robotic paraaortic lymphadenectomy utilizing the porcine model

Abstract

Injury of the inferior vena cava is an infrequent but serious complication of paraaortic lymphadenectomy. Training in the management of this injury might be enhanced through animate simulation. Our objective was to assess a simulated animal model for training in intraoperative management of inferior vena cava injury in the context of robotic paraaortic lymphadenectomy. We used a female domestic pig to create an injury of the inferior vena cava, which was then managed two ways with robotically assisted surgery. Edited videos of the two models were assessed by 32 senior learners and 23 attending faculty. The assessments included key competencies and domains of fidelity. A scale of poor, fair, or good was utilized. The injury and management simulated those seen in humans, both anatomically and surgically, although deficiencies were noted. Specifically, a reduced rapidity of bleeding and a related greater ease of control contributed to lower ratings for some aspects of fidelity. Fidelity and addressing the key competency of suture repair also received some lower ratings, particularly from vascular surgeons and their trainees. The porcine model for simulation of inferior vena cava injury during robotically assisted paraaortic lymphadenectomy may be useful for training purposes.