Abstract
A counter-current two-compartment dialyzer equipped with an anion-exchange membrane Neosepta-AFN was used to study dialysis of a hydrochloric acid and lithium chloride mixture. To quantify this process, several characteristics were calculated from the data obtained at steady state. First, the dialysis process was characterized by the acid recovery yield and rejection coefficient of salt, which were in the range of 61–98% and 62–94%, respectively (for HCl and LiCl concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0 kmol m−3 and volumetric liquid flow rates from 8 × 10−9 to 24 × 10−9 m3 s−1). Furthermore, this study proved that dialysis of an HCl + LiCl mixture can be quantified by a single characteristic, i.e., the permeability coefficient of the membrane to chloride ions, which is a function of the concentration of both the components in the feed.
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Abbreviations
- A :
-
Membrane area m2
- C :
-
Constant in Eq. (7)
- c :
-
Molar concentration kmol m−3
- D :
-
Diffusivity m2 s−1
- d :
-
Width of compartment m
- d e :
-
Equivalent diameter m
- F :
-
Objective function kmol2 m−6
- J :
-
Molar flux kmol m−2 s−1
- k L :
-
Liquid mass transfer coefficient m s−1
- P :
-
Permeability coefficient of membrane m s−1
- R :
-
Rejection coefficient %
- Re :
-
Reynolds number
- Sc :
-
Schmidt number
- Sh :
-
Sherwood number
- \(\dot{V}\) :
-
Volumetric liquid flow rate m3 s−1
- z :
-
Length coordinate m
- z T :
-
Height of compartment m
- v :
-
Recovery %
- calc :
-
Calculated value
- exp :
-
Experimental value
- I :
-
Referred to compartment I
- II :
-
Referred to compartment II
- A :
-
Referred to component A (HCl)
- B:
-
Referred to component B (LiCl)
- Cl− :
-
Referred to Cl− ions
- i :
-
Referred to solution/membrane interface
- in :
-
Inlet
- M :
-
Referred to membrane
- out :
-
Outlet
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank the Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice for the institutional support.
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Bendová, H., Palatý, Z. Continuous dialysis of hydrochloric acid and lithium chloride: permeability of anion-exchange membrane to chloride ions. Chem. Pap. 72, 1151–1157 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-017-0379-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-017-0379-1