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Evaluate the Effects of Different Types of Preoperative Restricted Calorie Diets on Weight, Body Mass Index, Operation Time and Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis Study

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Abstract

Previous studies investigated low-calorie diets (LCD), very-low-calorie diets (VLCD), and very-low-calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKD) in relation to weight loss and outcomes for bariatric surgery patients. However, the overall effects of these diets on various outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of preoperative restricted calorie diets on weight, body mass index (BMI), operation time (OT), and hospital stay (HS) in bariatric surgery patients. Seventeen articles were analyzed, revealing the highest weight loss (-8.62) and BMI reduction (-5.75) with VLCKD. Due to insufficient data, the impact of these diets on OT and HS could not be determined. Further interventional studies are required to determine the ideal preoperative diet that achieves optimal weight loss, patient compliance, tolerance, acceptance, and surgical outcomes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Research Development Center Of Sina Hospital for their technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Razieh Khalooeifard

  2. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Jamal Rahmani

  3. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy

  4. School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Aryan Tavakoli

  5. Advanced Minimally Invasive Surgery Fellowship, Department of General Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Khosrow Najjari & Mohammad Talebpour

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  1. Razieh Khalooeifard
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Correspondence to Razieh Khalooeifard.

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Key points

1. VLCKD was more effective on weight loss and BMI, and the effectiveness of the diets on the OT and HS could not be investigated.

2. Despite the growing interest in preoperative restricted calorie diets, there is a limited number of studies that definitively establish their effectiveness in patients preparing for bariatric surgery.

3. Further research is required to better understand the optimal diet type, duration, and compliance factors to achieve the best outcomes for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

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Khalooeifard, R., Rahmani, J., Ghoreishy, S.M. et al. Evaluate the Effects of Different Types of Preoperative Restricted Calorie Diets on Weight, Body Mass Index, Operation Time and Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis Study. OBES SURG 34, 236–249 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-023-06973-w

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