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Antioxidant, cytotoxic and apoptotic potentials of seeds of Momordica subangulata subsp. renigera inhibit the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice

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Abstract

The study was aimed to determine the phytochemical content, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities along with exploring antineoplastic potency of Momordica subangulata subsp. renigera seeds. Methanolic extract (5 g) of seeds of Momordica subangulata (MESMS) was prepared by maceration of 250 g powdered sample with 500 mL methanol at room temperature. Different in vitro assays were used to estimate total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as determine free radical scavenging activities of MESMS. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of MESMS were found to be 113.25 and 48.6 mg (g of extract)−1 in terms of gallic acid and catechin equivalent, respectively. The MESMS showed very good scavenging activity on DPPH (IC50: 7.78 μg mL−1) and ABTS (IC50: 9.10 μg mL−1) radicals in respect to nitric oxide (IC50: 52.45 μg mL−1) and superoxide (IC50: 68.16 μg mL−1) radicals. In vitro MESMS showed 21.76–89.37% inhibitory effect against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells at the concentration range of 3.125–100 μg mL−1 and the inhibitory effect was increased with increasing of concentration. In addition, MESMS (at 10 and 20 mg kg−1) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the viable EAC cell count and body weight gain of mice due to tumor burden as well as increased 38.35% and 55.35% life span and rescued the deteriorated haematological parameters of cancer cell bearing mice. Moreover, apoptotic characteristics and induction of p53 gene expression in MESMS-treated EAC cells were noted during fluorescence microscopic observation and RT-PCR analysis. Finally it can be summarized that MESMS with rich phenolic content and antioxidant activity, inhibited EAC through p53-dependent apoptosis.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to IICB (Indian Institute of Chemical Biology), Kolkata, India, authority for providing the EAC cells and also to ICDDRB, for supplying the Swiss albino mice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh

    Polash Chandra Karmakar, Rumana Yesmin, Hanif Ali, M. Rowshanul Habib & Kamal Krishna Biswas

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh

    Dhirendra Nath Barman

  3. Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh

    Mohammed A. Satter

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  1. Polash Chandra Karmakar
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Karmakar, P.C., Yesmin, R., Ali, H. et al. Antioxidant, cytotoxic and apoptotic potentials of seeds of Momordica subangulata subsp. renigera inhibit the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice. Food Measure 13, 3049–3059 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-019-00227-z

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