Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Parasites and Viruses in Callithrix in Brazil

  • Review
  • Published:
Acta Parasitologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

As a result of environmental imbalances of anthropogenic origin, the potential for transmission of parasites and viruses between different primates, including humans, might increase. Thus, parasitic studies have great relevance to primatology, which motivated us to conduct a literature review to synthesize the information available in American primates of the Callithrix genus.

Methods

We carried out the bibliographic search on the main groups of parasites (protozoa, helminths, arthropods, ectoparasites) and viruses found in Callithrix in Brazil in search platforms and consider all manuscript that appeared in search engines, published between the years 1910 and December 2022. In each selected article, the following information was recorded: the host species; parasite taxa; scientific classification of the parasite; host habitat (free-living, captive); diagnostic technique; state; and bibliographic reference. Data were tabulated and arranged in a parasite-host table.

Results

Some endemic genera, such as Callithrix, are widely distributed geographically across Brazil and have characteristics of adaptation to different habitats due to their flexibility in diet and behavior. These factors can make them subject to a greater diversity of parasites and viruses in the country. Here, we identified 68 parasitic taxa, belonging to the clades protozoa (n = 22), helminths (n = 34), ectoparasites (n = 7), and viruses (n = 5). Out of this total, 19 have zoonotic potential. Of the six existing marmoset species, Callithrix jacchus was the most frequent in studies, and Callithrix flaviceps did not have reports. All regions of the country had occurrences, mainly the Southeast, where 54% of the cases were reported. In 46% of the reported parasites and viruses, it was not possible to identify the corresponding species.

Conclusion

We conclude that in part of the works the identification methods are not being specific, which makes it difficult to identify the species that affects Callithrix spp. Furthermore, the studies present geographic disparities, being concentrated in the southeast of the country, making it impossible to have a more uniform analysis of the findings. Thus, it is observed that information about parasites and viruses is incipient in the genus Callithrix in Brazil.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Gómez MW, Figueiredo M, Guerra R, Chaves D (2020) Gastrointestinal parasite diversity in neotropical primates from a conservation breeding site located in Amazonia maranhense, state of Maranhão, Brazil. Ars Vet 36:12–19. https://doi.org/10.15361/2175-0106.2020v36n1p12-19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Batista PM, Andreotti R, Chiang JO, Ferreira MS, Vasconcelos PFC (2012) Seroepidemiological monitoring in sentinel animals and vectors as part of arbovirus surveillance in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 45:168–173. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0037-86822012000200006

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Freeland WJ (1976) Pathogens and the evolution of primate sociality. Biotropica 8:12–24. https://doi.org/10.2307/2387816

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Loehle C (1995) Social barriers to pathogen transmission in wild animal populations – ecology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.2307/1941192

    Book  Google Scholar 

  5. Mittermeier R, Wilson D. Handbook of the mammals of the world: vol. 3 : primates, IUCN: International Union for Conservation of Nature. IUCN, Conservation International, IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC), Texas A & M University, US. Retrieved from https://policycommons.net/artifacts/1376157/handbook-of-the-mammals-of-the-world/1990419/

  6. Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA (2014) Primate taxonomy: species and conservation. Evol Anthropol Issues News Rev 23:8–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Cavalcanti KCS (2022) Comportamento alimentar de Callithrix jacchus (Clallitrichidae, Primates) em mata secundária e ambiente alterado. Dissertação de Mestrado, Curso de Pós-graduação em Psicobiologia. UFRN, Natal, Brasil

  8. Vale CA, Neto LM, Prezoto F (2020) Distribution and invasive potential of the black-tufted marmoset Callithrix penicillata in the Brazilian territory. Sci Plena. https://doi.org/10.14808/sci.plena.2020.052401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Rosa CAD, Ribeiro BR, Bejarano V, Puertas FH, Bocchiglieri A, Barbosa ALDS, Carvalho DR (2020) Neotropical alien mammals: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics. Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3115

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Rylands AB, Coimbra-Filho AF, Mittermeier RA (2009) The systematics and distributions of the marmosets (Callithrix, Callibella, Cebuella, and Mico) and Callimico (Callimico) (Callitrichidae, Primates). Springer, Boston, pp 25–61

    Google Scholar 

  11. Culot L, Pereira LA, Agostini I, de Almeida MAB, Alves RSC, Aximoff I, Galetti M (2019) Atlantic-primates: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America—Culot. Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2525

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Chapman CA, Peres CA (2001) Primate conservation in the new millennium: the role of scientists. Evol Anthropol Issues News Rev 10:16–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6505(2001)10:1%3c16::AID-EVAN1010%3e3.0.CO;2-O

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Goulart VDLR, Teixeira CP, Young RJ (2010) Analysis of callouts made in relation to wild urban marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) and their implications for urban species management. Eur J Wildl Res 56:641–649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-009-0362-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Teixeira B, Hirsch A, Goulart VD, Passos L, Teixeira CP, James P, Young R (2015) Good neighbours: distribution of black-tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata) in an urban environment. Wildl Res 42:579–589. https://doi.org/10.1071/WR14148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Spear JE, Grijalva EK, Michaels JS, Parker SS (2018) Ecological spillover dynamics of organisms from urban to natural landscapes. J Urban Ecol. https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juy008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Guerra JM, Nogueira JS, Summa JL, Coimbra AAC, Zwarg T, Witkin SS, Mucci LF, Timenetsky MDCST, Sabino EC, de Deus JT (2020) Possible non-sylvatic transmission of yellow fever between non-human primates in São Paulo city, Brazil, 2017–2018. Sci Rep 10:15751. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72794-x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Martins Romano AP, Croda J, do Carmo Said RF, Cunha GM, da Fonseca-Cerqueira JM, Mello ALES, de Filippis AMB, Alcantara LCJ (2020) Yellow fever transmission in non-human primates Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. PLOS Negl Trop Dis. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008405

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Stuart MD, Strier KB (1995) Primates and parasites: a case for a multidisciplinary approach. Int J Primatol 16:577–593. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02735282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Adrus M, Zainudin R, Ahamad M, Jayasilan M-A, Abdullah MT (2019) Gastrointestinal parasites of zoonotic importance observed in the wild, urban, and captive populations of non-human primates in Malaysia. J Med Primatol 48:22–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12389

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Giovanetti M, Alcantara LCJ, Cirqueira CS, Díaz-Delgado J, Macedo FLL, Timenetsky MDCST, Paula R, Spinola R, Telles de Deus J, Mucci LF, Tubaki RM, de Menezes RMT, Ramos PL, Abreu AL, Cruz LN, Loman N, Dellicour S, Pybus OG, Sabino EC, Faria NR (2020) Genomic surveillance of yellow fever virus epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016–2018. PLOS Pathog. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008699

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. De Azevedo FNCC, Guerra JM, Díaz-Delgado J, Cunha MS, Saad LC, Iglezias SD, Ressio RA, dos Santos CC, Kanamura CT, Jesus IP, Maeda AY, Vasami FGS, de Carvalho J, de Araújo LJT, de Souza RP, Nogueira JS, Spinola RMF, Catão-Dias JL (2021) Differential yellow fever susceptibility in new world nonhuman primates, comparison with humans, and implications for surveillance. Emerg Infect Dis 27:47–56. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2701.191220

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Brack M (1987) Agents transmissible from simians to man - Manfred Brack, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin, pp 450–454

    Book  Google Scholar 

  23. COL. In: COL. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/. Accessed 9 Nov 2023

  24. Filho P, Cardozo S, Ribeiro CT, De Medeiros SM, Lopes C (2005) Intestinal protozoa in apprehended new world nonhuman primates. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 43:354

    Google Scholar 

  25. Dias JS, Beltrão-Mendes R, Bezerra TL, Lima VFS, Dolabella SS, La Corte R (2023) Gastrointestinal parasites in free-ranging common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus Linnaeus, 1758) in the state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Rep 38:100822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Snak A, da Silveira-Delgado LE, Osaki SC (2019) Cryptosporidium parvum in captive primates of Parque Municipal Danilo Galafassi, Paraná, Brazil. Semin Ciênc Agrár 40:987–992. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n2p987

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Lima VFS, Ramos RAN, Giannelli A, Schettino SC, Galina AB, de Oliveira JCP, Meira-Santos PO, Alves LC (2021) Zoonotic parasites in wild animals such as carnivores and primates that are traded illegally in Brazil. Braz J Vet Med. https://doi.org/10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm113720

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Barbosa ADS, Pinheiro JL, Dos Santos CR, de Lima CSCC, Dib LV, Echarte GV, Amendoeira MRR (2020) Gastrointestinal parasites in captive animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo. Acta Parasit 65:237–249. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-019-00145-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Silva ASD, Coradini GP, Gressler LT, Soares JF, Lara VM, Carregaro AB, Monteiro SG (2008) SciELO - Brasil - Ocorrência de protozoários gastrintestinais em primatas mantidos em cativeiro na região sul do Brasil. Cienc Rural 38:9. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782008000900044

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. do Carmo AM, Salgado CA (2003) Ocorrência de parasitos intestinais em Callithrix sp. (Mammalia, Primates, Callithrichidae). Rev Bras Zoociências 5:2

    Google Scholar 

  31. Verona CES (2008) Parasitos em sagüi-de-tufo-branco (Callithrix jacchus) no Rio de Janeiro. FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4462. Accessed 8 Nov 2023

  32. Venial HJ, Montoya A, Checa R, Miró G, Uzai GJS, da Silva MA, de Carvalho ECQ (2022) Investigation of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis infection in wild mammals in Brazil. Acta Parasit 67:648–657. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00498-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Paiz LM, Motoie G, Richini-Pereira VB, Langoni H, Menozzi BD, Tolezano JE, Donalisio MR (2019) Antibodies and molecular detection of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in samples of free-ranging marmosets (Primates: Callitrichidae: Callithrix spp.) in an area of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Southeastern Brazil. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis 19:249–254. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2018.2348

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Trüeb I (2018) Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania sp. infection in wildlife from urban rainforest fragments in northeast Brazil. J Wildl Dis 54:76–84. https://doi.org/10.7589/2017-01-017

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Bueno MG (2012) Pesquisa de Leishmania spp. e Plasmodium spp. em primatas neotropicais provenientes de regiões de Mata Atlântica e Amazônia impactadas por ações antrópicas: investigação in situ e ex situ. Text, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil

  36. Alvarenga DAM, Pina-Costa A, Bianco C, Moreira SB, Brasil P, Pissinatti A, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Brito CFA (2017) New potential Plasmodium brasilianum hosts: tamarin and marmoset monkeys (family Callitrichidae). Malar J 16:71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1724-0

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Figueiredo MAP, Di Santi SM, Manrique WG, André MR, Machado RZ (2017) Identification of Plasmodium spp. in neotropical primates of Maranhense Amazon in Northeast Brazil. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182905

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Dos Santos CS, de Jesus VLT, McIntosh D et al (2017) Morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular characterization of intestinal tetratrichomonads isolated from non-human primates in southeastern Brazil. Parasitol Res 116:2479–2488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-017-5552-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Rodrigues OA, Ritter JM, Oliveira SD, Pizzolato LF, Aquino MS, Parente CT, Santos RL (2022) Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian Atlantic forest. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 16:9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Minuzzi-Souza TTC, Nitz N, Knox MB et al (2016) Vector-borne transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi among captive neotropical primates in a Brazilian zoo. Parasites Vectors 9:39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1334-7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. da Silva FM, Marcili A, Ortiz PA, Epiphanio S, Campaner M, Shaw JJ, de Camargo EP, Teixeira MMG (2011) Morphological, biological and molecular analysis confirm the infection of monkeys kept in captivity by Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) lewisi in Brasil. Rev Biol 6:49–53. https://doi.org/10.7594/revbio.6b.10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Resende DMD, Pereira LH, Lôbo A (1994) Long-term patency of blood parasitism by Trypanosoma minasense and Microfilariae in Callithrix penicillata marmosets (Primates, Callitrichidae), caught at the wild and maintened in captivity. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 89:127–128. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761994000100025

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Tavela ADO (2013) Helminths of wild hybrid marmosets (Callithrix sp.) living in an environment with high human activity. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612013000300012

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Pereira WLA, Benigno RNM, Silva KSM, Bernal MKM, Aguirra LRVM (2016) Hepatic capillariasis in two captive Callithrix penicillata. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 53:1–6. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2016.110446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Corrêa P, Bueno C, Soares R, Vieira FM, Muniz-Pereira LC (2016) Checklist of helminth parasites of wild primates from Brazil. Rev Mex Biodivers 87:908–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.03.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Rego AA (1974) Filariopsis barretoi (Travassos, 1921) comb. n. parasito de “Mico-estrela”, ocorrência e patogenia (Nematoda, Metastrongylidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 72:181–185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Oliveira AR, Souza TD, Flecher MC, Gardiner CH, Santos RL (2019) First report of Gongylonema sp. in a free ranging callitrichid from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: case report. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 71:777–781. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10760

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Figueiredo M, Manrique WG, Nogueira R, Chaves DP (2020) Diversidade de parasitos gastrintestinais em primatas neotropicais de criadouro conservacionista situado na Amazônia maranhense, estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Ars Vet. https://doi.org/10.15361/2175-0106.2020v36n1p12-19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Pereira FV, Lucena FP, Rodrigues RL, Barros LA, Pires CA, Ferreira AMR, Mello MFV (2020) Prevalence and spatial distribution of the occurrence of helminths in free-living nonhuman primates in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 72:1705–1712. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11868

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Pinto HA, Mati VL, Pujoni DG, Melo AL (2017) Platynosomum illiciens (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) in captive black-tufted marmoset Callithrix penicillata (Primates: Cebidae) from Brazil: a morphometric analyses with taxonomic comments on species of Platynosomum from nonhuman primates. J Parasitol 103:14–21. https://doi.org/10.1645/16-1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. de Assis RCP, Campos DR, Borges DA, de Avelar BR, de Mello Pereira JAS, Matias CAR, Lopes CWG, McIntosh D, Scott FB (2021) Platynosomum illiciens (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) in a hybrid marmoset (Callithrix sp.) in the municipality of Seropédica, RJ, Brazil – case report. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 30:e026020. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612021012

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. dos Santos Sales I, Ruiz-Miranda CR, de Paula Santos C (2010) Helminths found in marmosets (Callithrix penicillata and Callithrix jacchus) introduced to the region of occurrence of golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) in Brazil. Vet Parasitol 171:123–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.02.044

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Rocha BM (2014) Taxonomia de nematóides parasitos de primatas neotropicais, Callithrix penicillata (Geoffroy, 1812) (Primata: Callitrichidae), Alouatta guariba (Humboldt, 1812) (Primata: Atelidae) e Sapajus apella (Linnaeus, 1758) grooves, 2005 (Primata: Cebidae), do estado de Minas Gerais. Dissertação, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Minas Gerais, Brasil

  54. de Oliveira AR, Hiura E, Guião-Leite FL, Flecher MC, Braga FR, Silva LPC, Sena T, de Souza TD (2017) Pathological and parasitological characterization of Prosthenorchis elegans in a free-ranging marmoset Callithrix geofroyi from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Pesqui Vet Bras 37:1514–1518. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2017001200025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Dib LV, Pissinatti A, Moreira SB, Amendoeira MRR, Barbosa ADS (2022) Infection by Prosthernorchis elegans (Diesing, 1851) in captive Callithrix aurita (É. Geoffroy, 1812) and Leontopithecus rosalia (Linnaeus, 1766) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. J Med Primatol 51(3):191–194

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Catenacci LS, Colosio AC, Oliveira LC, De Vleeschouwer KM, Munhoz AD, Deem SL, Pinto JM (2016) Occurrence of Prosthenorchis elegans in free-living primates from the Atlantic Forest of Southern Bahia, Brazil. J Wildl Dis 52:364–368. https://doi.org/10.7589/2015-06-163

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Falcão BMR, de Souza JG, dos Santos Figuerêdo MB, de Oliveira JB, de Menezes DJA, Medeiros GX (2018) Relato de Spirura sp em sagui-de-tufos-brancos. Ciênc Anim 28:51–54

    Google Scholar 

  58. Mewius A, Lusa ER, Pertille JG, Reis TDD, Pletsch JA, França RT, de Castro LLD (2021) Endoparasites in group of wild animals raised in captivity. Pesqui Vet Bras 41:e06758. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-6758

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Conga DF, de Souza NF, Jaques AM, Benigno RN, Pereira WL (2021) Hyperinfection by Strongyloides in captive callitrichids with progressive weight loss syndrome - Conga. J Med Primatol 50(4):212–215. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12532

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Martins TF, Teixeira RH, Souza JC Jr, Lu HR, Montenegro MM, Jerusalinsky L, Labruna MB (2021) Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodida) on new world wild primates in Brazil. J Acarol 47:95–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2020.1870554

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Valença-Montenegro MM, Oliveira JB, Monteiro da Cruz MA, Da Silva LBG, Botelho MCN (2004) Parasitismo por ácaro (Trombiculidae, Ewing, 1944) em Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus,1758), Callitrichidae-Primates. Primatol Brasil 8:317–320

    Google Scholar 

  62. Araújo JL, Frade MTS, Melo CMF, dos Santos Carneiro R, Galiza GJN, Olinda RG, Lucena RB, Dantas AFM (2016) Infecção sistêmica por herpesvírus simples em um sagui-detufo-branco (Callithrix jacchus) no semiárido da paraíba. Vet Zootec 23:203–208

    Google Scholar 

  63. Favoretto SR, de Mattos CC, Morais NB, Alves Araújo FA, de Mattos CA (2001) Rabies in marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), Ceará, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 7:1062–1065

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Moutinho FFB, de Andrade MGA, Nunes VMA, Rubião ECN, Batista HBCR, Romijn PC, Cattaneo CA, de Oliveira FG, Oliveira RN, Marcanth N, Silvestre LGGR, Borges FVB, Bruno SF (2020) Rabies in Callithrix sp. in the urban area of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 53:e20190402. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0402-2019

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  65. Nunes MRT, Martins LC, Rodrigues SG, Chiang JO, da Silva Azevedo RDS, Da Rosa APT, da Costa Vasconcelos PF (2005) Oropouche virus isolation, southeast Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 11:1610. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1110.050464

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  66. Sacchetto L, Silva NIO, de Rezende IM, Arruda MS, Costa TA, de Mello ÉM, Oliveira GFG, Alves PA, de Mendonça VE, Stumpp RGAV, Prado AIA, Paglia AP, Perini FA, Nogueira ML, Kroon EG, de Thoisy B, TrindadeDrumond GSBP (2020) Neighbor danger: yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017–2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14:e0008658. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008658

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  67. De Oliveira PRF, de Melo RPB, de Oliveira UDR, Magalhães FJR, Junior RJF, Andrade MR, Mota RA (2022) Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in soil and risk mapping in an island environment in the Northeast of Brazil - Oliveira – 2022. Transbound Emerg Dis 69(6):3457–3467. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14705

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Favoretto S, Araújo D, Oliveira D, Duarte N, Mesquita F, Zanotto P, Durigon E (2016) First detection of Zika virus in neotropical primates in Brazil: a possible new reservoir. BioRxiv 10:049395. https://doi.org/10.1101/049395

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Solórzano-García B, Pérez-Ponce de León G (2018) Parasites of neotropical primates: a review. Int J Primatol 39(2):155–182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-018-0031-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Levecke B, Dorny P, Geurden T, Vercammen F, Vercruysse J (2007) Gastrointestinal protozoa in non-human primates of four zoological gardens in Belgium. Vet Parasitol 148:236–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.06.020

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Zanzani SA, Gazzonis AL, Epis S, Manfredi MT (2016) Study of the gastrointestinal parasitic fauna of captive non-human primates (Macaca fascicularis). Parasitol Res 115(1):307–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4748-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Duszynski DW, Wilson WD, Upton SJ, Levine ND (1999) Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the primates and the Scandentia. Int J Primatol 20:761–797. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020708920275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Graczyk TK (2002) Anthropozoonotic Giardia duodenalis genotype (assemblage) an infections in habitats of free-ranging human-habituated gorillas, Uganda. J Parasitol. https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0905:AGDGAA]2.0.CO;2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Recht J, Siqueira AM, Monteiro WM, Herrera SM, Herrera S, Lacerda MV (2017) Malaria in Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela: current challenges in malaria control and elimination. Malar J 16(1):1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1925-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Kotelnikov GA (1960) Developmental stages of Hymenolepididae. Dev Stages Hymenolepididae, Moscow, Russian, pp 57–59

  76. Silvestre SM, Dantas JO, da Rocha PA, Beltrão-Mendes R, Ferrari SF (2016) Faecal analysis as a complementary approach to the study of feeding ecology in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus Linnaeus, 1758). Mastozool Neotropical 23:185–191

    Google Scholar 

  77. Kouassi RYW, McGraw SW, Yao PK, Abou-Bacar A, Brunet J, Pesson B, Bonfoh B, N’goran EK, Candolfi E (2015) Diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in seven non-human primates of the Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire. Parasite 22:1. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2015001

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  78. Moore J, Gotelli NJ (1996) Evolutionary patterns of altered behavior and susceptibility in parasitized hosts. Evolution 50:807–819. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03890.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Pissinatti L, Pissinatti A, Burity CHF, Mattos DG Jr, Tortelly R (2007) Ocorrência de Acanthocephala em Leontopithecus (Lesson, 1840), cativos: aspectos clínico-patológicos. Callitrichidae-primates. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 59:1473–1477. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352007000600019

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Parr NA, Fedigan LM, Kutz SJ (2013) A coprological survey of parasites in white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) from sector Santa Rosa, ACG, Costa Rica. Folia Primatol 84(2):102–114. https://doi.org/10.1159/000348287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Wenz A, Heymann EW, Petney TN, Taraschewski HF (2010) The influence of human settlements on the parasite community in two species of Peruvian tamarin. Parasitology 137(4):675–684. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182009991570

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. McCarthy J, Moore TA (2000) Emerging helminth zoonoses. Int J Parasitol 30:1351–1359. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(00)00122-3

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Sgai MGFG (2015) Estudo endócrino reprodutivo e do comportamento sócio-sexual de sagui-de-tufo-preto (Callithrix penicillata) mantido em cativeiro. Pesqui Vet Bras. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2015000300015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Chiquitelli Neto M, Kanda CZ, Doria EC, Zamarrenho LG, Gonçalves FHP (2011) Avaliação do bem-estar de um bugio (Alouatta caraya) cativo durante enriquecimento social e ambiental: indicadores comportamentais. Rev Etol 10:12–20

    Google Scholar 

  85. Potkay S (1992) Diseases of the Callitrichidae: a review. J Med Primatol 21(4):189–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0684.1992.tb00583.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Teixeira RHF, Labruna MB, Martins TF (2017) Ixodídeos coletados parasitando animais selvagens no Zoológico de Sorocaba, Estado de São Paulo Brasil. Rev Educ Contin Med Vet Zootec CRMV-SP 15(1):8–14. https://doi.org/10.36440/recmvz.v15i1.36757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Massard CL, Fonseca AH (2004) Carrapatos e doenças transmitidas, comuns ao homem e aos animais. Hora Vet 135(1):15–23

    Google Scholar 

  88. Resende BS, de Abreu MAF, Rocha AM, do Nascimento-Rocha JM (2020) Identificação taxonômica de vetores transmissores da febre maculosa no sul do estado do Tocantins. Rev Uniabeu 13(33):222–236

    Google Scholar 

  89. Mafra C, Barcelos RM, Mantovani C, Carrizo J, Soares AC, Moreira HNS, Maia NL, da Silva FFR, Silva VHD, Boere V, Silva IO (2015) Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis in free-living primates of the genus Callithrix. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 24:78–81. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612015001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Azevedo RSS, Nunes MRT, Chiang JO, Bensabath G, Vasconcelos HB, Pinto AYN, Martins LC, Monteiro HAO, Rodrigues SG, Vasconcelos PFC (2007) Reemergence of Oropouche Fever, Northern Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 13:912–915. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1306.061114

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  91. Pinheiro FP, Hoch AL, Gomes ML, Roberts DR (1981) Oropouche virus. IV. Laboratory transmission by Culicoides paraensis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 30:172–176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. De Melo KFL, de Souza Pereira CR, Neto WFF, Amorim MT, Ferreira JFL, Araújo APS, Casseb SMM (2020) O vírus Oropouche e o seu contexto epidemiológico na América Latina no período de 2009 a 2019. Rev Eletrôn Acervo Saúde 57:e4138–e4138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Favoretto SR, Araujo DB, Duarte NF, Oliveira DB, da Crus NG, Mesquita F, Durigon EL (2019) Zika virus in peridomestic neotropical primates, Northeast Brazil. EcoHealth 16(1):61–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-019-01394-7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. McCrae AWR, Kirya BG (1982) Yellow fever and Zika virus epizootics and enzootics in Uganda. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 76:552–562. https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(82)90161-4

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Tauil PL (2010) Aspectos críticos do controle da febre amarela no Brasil. Rev Saúde Pública 44:555–558. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102010005000014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Mascheretti M, Tengan CH, Sato HK, Suzuk A, Souza RPD, Maeda M, Ribeiro AF (2013) Febre amarela silvestre: reemergência de transmissão no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 2009. Rev Saude Publica 47:881–889. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004341

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Mares-Guia MAMDM, Horta MA, Romano A, Rodrigues CD, Mendonça MC, Dos Santos CC, de Filippis AMB (2020) Yellow fever epizootics in non-human primates, Southeast and Northeast Brazil (2017 and 2018). Parasit Vectors 13(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3966-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Vargas A, Romano APM, Merchán-Hamann E (2019) Raiva humana no Brasil: estudo descritivo, 2000–2017. Epidemiologia e Serv Saúde 28:e2018275. https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742019000200001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  99. Vargas A (2020) Perfil epidemiológico da Raiva Humana no Brasil, 2000–2017. Repositório Institucional da UnB.https://www.repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/39603. Accessed 9 Nov 2023

  100. Aguiar TDF, Costa EC, Rolim BN, Romijn PC, de Morais NB, Teixeira MFS (2011) Risco de transmissão do vírus da raiva oriundo de sagui (Callithrix jacchus), domiciliado e semidomiciliado, para o homem na região metropolitana de Fortaleza, estado do Ceará. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 44:356–363. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0037-86822011005000031

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Azab W, Dayaram A, Greenwood AD, Osterrieder N (2018) How host specific are herpesviruses? Lessons from herpesviruses infecting wild and endangered mammals. Ann Rev Virol. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-virology-092917-043227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. Longa CS, Bruno SF, Pires AR, Romijn PC, Kimura LS, Costa CHC (2011) Human herpesvirus 1 in wild marmosets, Brazil, 2008. Emerg Infect Dis 17:1308–1310. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1707.100333

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was carried out with the support of the Foundation for Support of Technological Research and Development of the State of Sergipe (Call MS/CNPq/FAPITEC/SE/SES—Nº 06/2018) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel—Brazil (CAPES)—Funding Code 001, through a post-doctoral fellowship for RBM.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil

    Jéssica Souza Dias & Roseli La Corte

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil

    Raone Beltrão-Mendes

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil

    Taynar Lima Bezerra

  4. Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil

    Roseli La Corte

  5. Laboratory of Tropical Entomology and Parasitology, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenue Marechal Rondon, S/N, Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil

    Jéssica Souza Dias

Authors
  1. Jéssica Souza Dias
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Raone Beltrão-Mendes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Taynar Lima Bezerra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Roseli La Corte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jéssica Souza Dias.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Ethical Approval

Not applicable.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dias, J.S., Beltrão-Mendes, R., Bezerra, T.L. et al. Parasites and Viruses in Callithrix in Brazil. Acta Parasit. 69, 152–163 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-023-00766-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-023-00766-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation