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IgG Subclass Analysis in Patients with Chagas Disease 4 Years After Benznidazole Treatment

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Abstract

Background

In humans, Trypanosoma cruzi infection is controlled by a complex immune response. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is important for opsonizing blood trypomastigotes, activating the classic complement pathway, and reducing parasitemia. The trypanocidal activity of benznidazole is recognized, but its effects on the prevention and progression of Chagas disease is not well understood

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the levels of total IgG and cross-specific IgG subclasses in patients with chronic Chagas disease of different clinical forms before and after 4 years of benznidazole treatment.

Methods

Eight individuals with the indeterminate form and nine with the cardiac form who completed the treatment protocol were evaluated. The levels of total IgG and IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 isotypes were quantified in the serum of each individual using the fluorescent immunosorbent assay. The results are expressed as relative fluorescence unit.

Results

Patients with chronic Chagas disease presented decreased levels of total IgG at 48 months after benznidazole treatment. Increased IgG1 and decreased IgG3 levels were observed in patients with the cardiac form and those with exacerbated clinical forms. In addition, a decrease in the IgG3/IgG1 ratio was observed in individuals with the cardiac form of Chagas disease.

Conclusions

Benznidazole administration in the chronic phase differentially changes IgG subclasses in patients with cardiac and indeterminate forms, and monitoring the IgG3 level may indicate the possible prognosis to the cardiac form or worsening of the already established clinical form.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was funded by CNPq, FAPEMIG, CAPES, FUNEPU, NIDR, and CEFORES. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, and analysis, the decision to publish, or preparation of the paper.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Maurício Llaguno and MarcosVinícius da Silva have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Maurício Llaguno, Marcos Vinícius da Silva, Fernanda Rodrigues Helmo, Lara Rocha Batista, Djalma Alexandre Alves da Silva, Eliane Lages-Silva, Carlo José Freire Oliveira & Virmondes Rodrigues

  2. Department of Internal Medicine. Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Rodrigo Cunha de Sousa, Luiz Antonio Pertili Rodrigues de Resende & Dalmo Correia

  3. Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution. Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Juliana Reis Machado

  4. Cefores, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil

    Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues

  5. Laboratory of Biopathology and Molecular Biology, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brazil

    Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues

  6. Department of Medical Skills, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil

    Maurício Llaguno

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  1. Maurício Llaguno
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data curation and investigation: ML, MVdaS, LRB, DAAdaS, RCdS; methodology and formal analysis: ML, MVdS, LAP Rde R and JRM; visualization, writing (original draft preparation): FRH, ML and Marcos Vinícius da Silva; writing (review and editing): FRH, MVdaS, DC and VR Jr.; supervision: EL-S, CJFO, DBR R, DC and VRJr.; conceptualization, funding acquisition and project administration: DC and VR Jr. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marcos Vinícius da Silva.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Protocol No. 1030).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Llaguno, M., da Silva, M.V., Helmo, F.R. et al. IgG Subclass Analysis in Patients with Chagas Disease 4 Years After Benznidazole Treatment. Acta Parasit. 66, 1499–1509 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00430-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00430-3

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