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Structural covariance mapping delineates medial and medio-lateral temporal networks in déjà vu

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Abstract

Déjà vu (DV) is an eerie phenomenon experienced frequently as an aura of temporal lobe epilepsy, but also reported commonly by healthy individuals. The former pathological manifestation appears to result from aberrant neural activity among brain structures within the medial temporal lobes. Recent studies also implicate medial temporal brain structures in the non-pathological experience of DV, but as one element of a diffuse neuroanatomical correlate; it remains to be seen if neural activity among the medial temporal lobes also underlies this benign manifestation. The present study set out to investigate this. Due to its unpredictable and infrequent occurrence, however, non-pathological DV does not lend itself easily to functional neuroimaging. Instead, we draw on research showing that brain structure covaries among regions that interact frequently as nodes of functional networks. Specifically, we assessed whether grey-matter covariance among structures implicated in non-pathological DV differs according to the frequency with which the phenomenon is experienced. This revealed two diverging patterns of structural covariation: Among the first, comprised primarily of medial temporal structures and the caudate, grey-matter volume becomes more positively correlated with higher frequency of DV experience. The second pattern encompasses medial and lateral temporal structures, among which greater DV frequency is associated with more negatively correlated grey matter. Using a meta-analytic method of co-activation mapping, we demonstrate a higher probability of functional interactions among brain structures constituting the former pattern, particularly during memory-related processes. Our findings suggest that altered neural signalling within memory-related medial temporal brain structures underlies both pathological and non-pathological DV.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the project “CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology” (CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068) from European Regional Development Fund. We wish to thank Natasa Kovacevic for her assistance with our structural PLS pipelines.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Behavioral and Social Neuroscience Research Group, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Daniel Joel Shaw, Radek Mareček & Milan Brázdil

  2. First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne’s Faculty Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic

    Radek Mareček & Milan Brázdil

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  1. Daniel Joel Shaw
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  2. Radek Mareček
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Correspondence to Daniel Joel Shaw.

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This work was supported by the project “CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology” (CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068) from European Regional Development Fund.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of St. Anne’s Hospital, Brno, and conformed to the Declaration of Helsinki (1964). Written informed consent was obtained from every participant prior to the experiment.

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Supplementary Figure 1

Meta-analytic co-activation matrix. Meta-analytic connectivity modelling (MACM) was employed to compare the probability of co-activation between cells comprising the positive and negative pattern of structural covariance, and perform a behavioral characterisation of each pattern. The matrix presents the standardized probability of co-activation among each VOI (rows) when each other VOI served as a seed (columns; see Multi-analytic Connectivity Modelling). For abbreviations see Table 1. (JPEG 215 kb)

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Shaw, D.J., Mareček, R. & Brázdil, M. Structural covariance mapping delineates medial and medio-lateral temporal networks in déjà vu. Brain Imaging and Behavior 10, 1068–1079 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-015-9471-8

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