Abstract
During pipeline construction and operation, the occurrence of surface dents presents a critical concern, primarily arising from factors such as pipeline installation and geological forces exerted upon the pipeline, particularly in the form of rock protrusion. These dents pose a significant threat to the pipeline’s safe functionality and have the potential to diminish its load-bearing capacity. Presently, China’s oil and gas pipelines predominantly employ X80 high-grade steel. It is noteworthy that prior research into the ultimate load capacity of dented pipelines has largely centered on medium and low-grade steels. The implications of these findings for the suitability of the X80 pipeline remain inconclusive. Consequently, it is imperative to undertake a comprehensive investigation into the load-bearing capacity of high-grade steel pipelines with dent defects. In addition to internal pressure, variations in the pipeline’s transported medium, ambient temperature fluctuations, soil displacement, and other factors introduce additional loading effects, including bending moments and axial loads. These supplementary loads introduce latent hazards to the pipeline’s operational safety. Hence, this research endeavors to investigate the ultimate load-bearing capacity of X80-grade dented pipelines under the influence of typical loading conditions and to identify pertinent factors that affect this capacity. Finite element analysis (FEA) is deployed to study the behavior of the dented pipelines under typical loads. Failure criterion for ascertaining the ultimate load is proposed and verified by the comparison to test results. Furthermore, the impact of varying dent sizes on the ultimate load capacity of X80-grade dented pipelines is examined. These findings serve as a robust foundation for the safety assessment of dented pipelines, ensuring the sustained safe operation of these vital infrastructures.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L. Luo, Y. Zhang, L. Li et al., Fatigue failure analysis of dented pipeline and simulation calculation. Eng. Fail. Anal. 113, 104572 (2020)
J. Wang, Y. Shuai, C. Feng et al., Multi-dimensional mechanical response of multiple longitudinally aligned dents on pipelines and its effect on pipe integrity. Thin-Walled Struct. 166, 108020 (2021)
P. Zhang, H.Q. Lan, X.R. Dou et al., Review of load-bearing capacity of dented pipes under typical loads. Eng. Fail. Anal. 120, 105006 (2021)
Y. Dubyk, I. Seliverstova, Assessment of dents for gas pipelines. Proced. Struct. Integr. 18, 622–629 (2019)
P. Song, Q.F. Sun, L. Guo et al., Evaluation on pressure bearing capacity of X70 pipeline with pure dent defect in China. Oil Gas Storage Transp. 39(10), 1129–1135 (2020)
Y. Wu, R. Zou, J.W. Xiao et al., Analysis on ductile damage degree of thin-wall stainless steel gas pipeline with plain dent in China. J. Safety Sci. Technol. 14(11), 82–87 (2018)
M. Alloutia, C. Schmitta, G. Pluvinagea et al., Study of the influence of dent depth on the critical pressure of pipeline. Eng. Fail. Anal. 21, 40–51 (2012)
J. Bratton, T. Alexander, T. Bubenik et al., An approach for evaluating the integrity of plain dents reported by in-line inspection tools, in 2012 9th international pipeline conference, pp 885–894 (2012)
S. Tiku, V. Semiga, A. Dinovitzer et al., Fatigue testing of dented pipelines and development of a validated dented pipe finite element model, in 2012 9th international pipeline conference, pp. 693–702 (2012)
X. Tian, M.X. Lu, Failure mechanism of long-distance pipelines having gouged dents. Eng. Fail. Anal. 140, 10657 (2022)
A.E. Pournara, T. Papatheocharis, S.A. Karamanos et al., Mechanical behavior of dented steel pipes subjected to bending and pressure loading. J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 141(1), 1–16 (2019)
J.H. Baek, Y.P. Kim, W.S. Kim et al., Load bearing capacity of API X65 pipe with dent defect under internal pressure and in-plane bending. Mater. Sci. Eng., A. 540, 70–82 (2012)
K.S. Li, Z.D. Zheng, Y.B. Shao et al., Study on bending capacity of pipes with indentation defect in China. Pressure Vessel Technol. 38(7), 17–25 (2021)
J. Cai, X.L. Jiang, G. Lodewijks, Numerical investigation of residual ultimate strength of dented metallic pipes subjected to pure bending. Ships Offshore Struct. 13(5), 519–531 (2018)
Y. Shuai, X.H. Wang, J. Shuai et al., Mechanical behavior investigation on the formation of the plain dent of an API 5L L245 pipeline subjected to concentrated lateral load. Eng. Fail. Anal. 108, 104189 (2020)
Y. Shuai, D.C. Zhou, X.H. Wang et al., Local buckling failure analysis of high strength pipelines containing a plain dent under bending moment. J. Natl. Gas Sci. Eng. 77, 103266 (2020)
A. Suganuma, J. Kono, M. Hayashiguchi, Compression capacity and the seismic integrity of locally deformed line pipes, in 12th international pipeline conference, American society of mechanical engineers digital collection (2018)
S. Miloš, R. Miloš, S. Aleksandar et al., Buckling behaviour of dented aluminium alloy cylindrical shell subjected to uniform axial compression. FME Trans. 45(3), 441–447 (2017)
T.G. Ghazijahani, J. Hui, H. Damien, Plastic buckling of dented steel circular tubes under axial compression: an experimental study. Thin-Walled Struct. 92, 48–54 (2015)
M. Zeinoddini, M. Ezzati, G.A.R. Parke, Plastic buckling, wrinkling and collapse behaviour of dented X80 steel line pipes under axial compression (article). J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 38, 67–78 (2015)
Y. Wu, Z.X. Tian, L.Y. Li, A comparative analysis on failure criteria of X80 pipeline dent defect in China. J. Southwest Pet. Univ. (Natl. Sci. Edn.). 43(6), 134–142 (2021)
J. Shuai, L.Z. Kong, Evaluation on strain capacity of girth welds in high-grade pipelines in China. Oil Gas Storage Trans. 36(12), 1368–1373 (2017)
X. Tian, H. Zhang, Failure criterion of buried pipelines with dent and scratch defects. Eng. Fail. Anal. 80, 278–289 (2017)
M. Zeinoddini, M. Ezzati, G.A.R. Parke, Plastic buckling, wrinkling and collapse behaviour of dented X80 steel line pipes under axial compression. J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 38, 67–78 (2015)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2-9-2021-015). The reviewers whose comments and suggestions helped improve our research are gratefully appreciated.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interest or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, L., Tian, X. & Yang, H. Load-Bearing Capacity of X80 Dented Pipelines under Typical Loads. J Fail. Anal. and Preven. 24, 190–201 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-023-01827-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-023-01827-0