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Surface and Subsurface Defects Formed in a Cold-Rolled Electrical Steel

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Abstract

The causes for the formation of defects of different characteristics on an electrical-grade cold-rolled steel strip surface are presented. Inspection of material taken from coils that presented failure was conducted using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), energy-dispersive x-ray analyses (EDX), and confocal microscopy (CM). The surface and cross section analyses of selected specimens suggested that the formation of holes and scale-like defects during cold rolling could be related to a considerable number of non-metallic inclusions dispersed within the metallic matrix, the presence of both small MnS particles and silicon-rich oxides in the alloy.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the National Council for Science and Technology in Mexico (Conacyt), the Mexican program for lecturer formation and development (PRODEP) and, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL) for the facilities provided to develop of this investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico

    Nelson F. Garza-Montes-de-Oca, Karen Y. Pineda-Arriaga, Mauro J. Gaona-Martínez, Javier H. Ramírez-Ramírez, Francisco A. Pérez-González & Rafael Colás

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  1. Nelson F. Garza-Montes-de-Oca
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  2. Karen Y. Pineda-Arriaga
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Correspondence to Nelson F. Garza-Montes-de-Oca.

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Garza-Montes-de-Oca, N.F., Pineda-Arriaga, K.Y., Gaona-Martínez, M.J. et al. Surface and Subsurface Defects Formed in a Cold-Rolled Electrical Steel. J Fail. Anal. and Preven. 23, 298–305 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-022-01576-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-022-01576-6

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