Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nanostructured Photocatalytic TiO2 Coating Deposited by Suspension Plasma Spraying with Different Injection Positions

  • Peer Reviewed
  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

High plasma power is beneficial for the deposition efficiency and adhesive strength of suspension-sprayed photocatalytic TiO2 coatings, but it confronts two challenges: one is the reduced activity due to the critical phase transformation of anatase into rutile, and the other is fragmented droplets which cannot be easily injected into the plasma core. Here, TiO2 coatings were deposited at high plasma power and the position of suspension injection was varied with the guidance of numerical simulation. The simulation was based on a realistic three-dimensional time-dependent numerical model that included the inside and outside of torch regions. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to study the microstructure of the TiO2 coatings, whereas x-ray diffraction was adopted to analyze phase composition. Meanwhile, photocatalytic activities of the manufactured TiO2 coatings were evaluated by the degradation of an aqueous solution of methylene blue dye. Fragmented droplets were uniformly injected into the plasma jet, and the solidification pathway of melting particles was modified by varying the position of suspension injection. A nanostructured TiO2 coating with 93.9% anatase content was obtained at high plasma power (48.1 kW), and the adhesive coating bonding to stainless steel exhibited the desired photocatalytic activity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. V.C. Sarasidis, K.V. Plakas, S.I. Patsios, and A.J. Karabelas, Investigation of Diclofenac Degradation in a Continuous Photo-Catalytic Membrane Reactor, Influ. Oper. Parameters Chem. Eng. J., 2014, 239, p 299-311

    Google Scholar 

  2. Y.R. Smith, R.S. Ray, K. Carlson, B. Sarma, and M. Misra, Self-Ordered Titanium Dioxide Nanotube Arrays: Anodic Synthesis and Their Photo/Electro-Catalytic Applications, Materials, 2013, 6(7), p 2892-2957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. D. Avisar, I. Horovitz, L. Lozzi, F. Ruggieri, M. Baker, M.-L. Abel, and H. Mamane, Impact of Water Quality on Removal of Carbamazepine in Natural Waters by N-doped TiO2 Photo-Catalytic Thin Film Surfaces, J. Hazard. Mater., 2013, 244, p 463-471

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. D. Chen, E.H. Jordan, and M. Gell, Porous TiO2 Coating Using the Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202(24), p 6113-6119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. S. Kozerski, F.L. Toma, L. Pawlowski, B. Leupolt, L. Latka, and L.M. Berger, Suspension Plasma Sprayed TiO2 Coatings Using Different Injectors and Their Photocatalytic Properties, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 205(4), p 980-986

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. F.L. Toma, G. Bertrand, D. Klein, C. Coddet, and C. Meunier, Nanostructured Photocatalytic Titania Coatings Formed by Suspension Plasma Spraying, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2006, 15(4), p 587-592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. P. Swarnakar, S.R. Kanel, D. Nepal, Y. Jiang, H. Jia, L. Kerr, M.N. Goltz, J. Levy, and J. Rakovan, Silver Deposited Titanium Dioxide Thin Film for Photocatalysis of Organic Compounds Using Natural Light, Sol. Energy, 2013, 88, p 242-249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. L. Du, T.W. Coyle, K. Chien, L. Pershin, T. Li, and M. Golozar, Titanium Dioxide Coating Prepared by Use of a Suspension-Solution Plasma-Spray Process, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2015, 24(6), p 1-10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Daram, C. Banjongprasert, W. Thongsuwan, and S. Jiansirisomboon, Microstructure and Photocatalytic Activities of Thermal Sprayed Titanium Dioxide/Carbon Nanotubes Composite Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 306, p 290-294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. B.W. Robinson, C.J. Tighe, R.I. Gruar, A. Mills, I.P. Parkin, A.K. Tabecki, H.L. de Villiers Lovelock, and J.A. Darr, Suspension Plasma Sprayed Coatings Using Dilute Hydrothermally Produced Titania Feedstocks for Photocatalytic Applications, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3(24), p 12680-12689

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. E. Bannier, G. Darut, E. Sánchez, A. Denoirjean, M.C. Bordes, M.D. Salvador, E. Rayón, and H. Ageorges, Microstructure and Photocatalytic Activity of Suspension Plasma Sprayed TiO2 Coatings on Steel and Glass Substrates, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206(2-3), p 378-386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. G. Mauer, A. Guignard, and R. Vaßen, Plasma Spraying of Efficient Photoactive TiO2 Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 220(5), p 40-43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Z. Guo, S. Yin, H. Liao, and S. Gu, Three-Dimensional Simulation of an Argon-Hydrogen DC Non-transferred Arc Plasma Torch, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 2015, 80, p 644-652

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Alaya, C. Chazelas, and A. Vardelle, Parametric Study of Plasma Torch Operation Using a MHD Model Coupling the Arc and Electrodes, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2015, 25(1), p 1-8

    Google Scholar 

  15. R. Bolot, C. Coddet, A. Allimant, and D. Billières, Modeling of the Plasma Flow and Anode Region Inside a Direct Current Plasma Gun, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2011, 20(1-2), p 21-27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. E. Pfender and Y.C. Lee, Particle Dynamics and Particle Heat and Mass Transfer in Thermal Plasmas. Part I. The Motion of a Single Particle Without Thermal Effects, Plasma Chem. Plasma Process., 1985, 5(3), p 211-237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. W. Fan and Y. Bai, Review of Suspension and Solution Precursor Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2016, 42(13), p 14299-14312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. N. Berger-Keller, G. Bertrand, C. Filiatre, C. Meunier, and C. Coddet, Microstructure of Plasma-Sprayed Titania Coatings Deposited from Spray-Dried Powder, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003, 168(2-3), p 281-290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Z. Pala, E. Shaw, J.W. Murray, N. Senin, and T. Hussain, Suspension High Velocity Oxy-Fuel Spraying of TiO2: A Quantitative Approach to Phase Composition, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2017, 37(2), p 801-810

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. D.A.H. Hanaor and C.C. Sorrell, Review of the Anatase to Rutile Phase Transformation, J. Mater. Sci., 2011, 46(4), p 855-874

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. J.O. Carneiro, S. Azevedo, F. Fernandes, E. Freitas, M. Pereira, C.J. Tavares, S. Lanceros-Méndez, and V. Teixeira, Synthesis of Iron-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles by Ball-Milling Process: The Influence of Process Parameters on the Structural, Optical, Magnetic, and Photocatalytic Properties, J. Mater. Sci., 2014, 49(21), p 7476-7488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. F.-L. Toma, G. Bertrand, S. Begin, C. Meunier, O. Barres, D. Klein, and C. Coddet, Microstructure and Environmental Functionalities of TiO2-Supported Photocatalysts Obtained by Suspension Plasma Spraying, Appl. Catal. B, 2006, 68(1), p 74-84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. P. Ctibor, Z. Pala, J. Sedláček, V. Štengl, I. Píš, T. Zahoranová, and V. Nehasil, Titanium Dioxide Coatings Sprayed by a Water-Stabilized Plasma Gun (WSP) with Argon and Nitrogen as the Powder Feeding Gas: Differences in Structural, Mechanical and Photocatalytic Behavior, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2012, 21(3-4), p 425-434

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

This work has been financially supported by Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (2016A030312015), Guangdong Academy of Sciences (2017GDASCX-0843, 2016GDASPT-0206, 2016GDASPT-0317).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, People’s Republic of China

    Xuezhang Liu

  2. National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Materials Surface Engineering Technology, The Key Lab of Guangdong for Modern Surface Engineering Technology, Guangdong Institute of New Materials, Guangzhou, 510651, People’s Republic of China

    Xuezhang Liu, Kui Wen, Chunming Deng, Kun Yang, Changguang Deng, Min Liu & Kesong Zhou

  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China

    Xuezhang Liu, Kui Wen & Kesong Zhou

Authors
  1. Xuezhang Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kui Wen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chunming Deng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kun Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Changguang Deng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Min Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Kesong Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xuezhang Liu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liu, X., Wen, K., Deng, C. et al. Nanostructured Photocatalytic TiO2 Coating Deposited by Suspension Plasma Spraying with Different Injection Positions. J Therm Spray Tech 27, 245–254 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-018-0693-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-018-0693-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation