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Additive Manufacturing of Zirconia-Based Pastes for Dental Prosthesis Via Robocasting Method

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Abstract

The main goal of this study is to develop zirconia-based pastes that are well-suited for the robocasting process, with the purpose of manufacturing dental prostheses. This study involved examination of the rheological properties of several zirconia-based pastes with different colors/shade and organic additives, as well as microstructural analysis (using XRD, SEM) and physical-mechanical characterization (through micro and nano-examination) of the printed and sintered material, after the application of different firing cycles (1400, 1450, 1540, and 1580 °C), in accordance with the ISO 6872 specifications for "Dental-Ceramic materials". Generally, homogeneous, and dense tetragonal yttria-stabilized zirconia specimens with fine microstructure, were produced. The mechanical properties increased as the firing cycle temperature increased. Results revealed that firing cycle of 1540 °C achieved the best balance regarding microstructure, physical, and mechanical strength of the specimens. The flexural strength ranged from 504 to 823 MPa, modulus of elasticity varied between 171 and 192 GPa, hardness and fracture toughness values ranged from 10.6 to 11.5 GPa and from 4.2 to 5.3 MPa m0.5, respectively. Nanoindentation experiments showed hardness values from 11.7 to 14.1 GPa and modulus of elasticity from 239 to 316 GPa. The zirconia ceramics met ISO 6872 standards for dental prostheses, indicating suitability for oral use.

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Acknowledgments

This research has been co-financed by European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH – CREATE – INNOVATE (project code: Τ2ΕΔΚ-04124, 3DENT). The authors are deeply indebted to LINO 3D for providing the robocasting equipment.

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  1. Materials Industrial Research and Technology Center S.A., 76th Km of Athens-Lamia National Road, P.O. Box 150, 32009, Schimatari, Greece

    Konstantinos Dimitriadis, Diana Baciu, Eleni Garmpi & Constantina-Dia Andreouli

  2. Digital Manufacturing and Materials Characterization Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece

    Savvas Koltsakidis & Dimitrios Tzetzis

  3. School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Mining Engineering and Metallurgy, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, 15780, Athens, Greece

    Eleni Roussi, Ioanna Kitsou & Athena Tsetsekou

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  1. Konstantinos Dimitriadis
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Dimitriadis, K., Baciu, D., Koltsakidis, S. et al. Additive Manufacturing of Zirconia-Based Pastes for Dental Prosthesis Via Robocasting Method. J. of Materi Eng and Perform (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-024-09465-9

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