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Quasi-Static Tensile Behaviors, Mechanisms, and Constitutive Descriptions of Commercially Pure Titanium at Diverse Strain Rates in Ambient Air and Liquid Nitrogen

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Abstract

The quasi-static tensile behaviors, mechanisms and the constitutive descriptions of commercially pure titanium over a strain rate range of 10−4–10−1 s−1 at 77 and 293 K have been investigated and compared by means of OM, SEM, EBSD, and TEM. The results show that the strain hardening rate at all strain rates generally shows a falling-increasing-falling changing tendency at 77 K. Due to the small twin’s density at 293 K, strain hardening rate shows monotone decreasing tendency and generally has much lower values at all strain levels than that at 77 K. Serration behavior can be found in the strain hardening rate curves at low strain rates. The repeated pinning and depinning of dislocations with interstitial atoms could be responsible for this. The elongation at 293 K is proportional to the twin volume fraction in microstructure, which is attributed to the twinning-induced plasticity effect. However, it shows the reverse changing tendency at 77 K. This means that excessive twins may exert detrimental effect on the plasticity of CP Ti. Based on the EBSD and TEM results at the uniformly deformed part of the tensile specimens, it is proved that excessive twins in microstructure could act as obstacles to the movement of dislocations. Won model has been used to describe the constitutive curves under different conditions. It shows good prediction accuracy at 293 K. By contrast, due to the lack of specific consideration of the twinning effect in Won model, its prediction performance at 77 K is ordinary.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51801132), the China Scholarship Council (CSC NO.201906935013) for X.H. Shi.

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Shi, X., Fan, Z., Cao, Z. et al. Quasi-Static Tensile Behaviors, Mechanisms, and Constitutive Descriptions of Commercially Pure Titanium at Diverse Strain Rates in Ambient Air and Liquid Nitrogen. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 30, 944–954 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05365-w

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