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Characterization of the Interface of an Alloy 625 Overlay on Steels Using Nanoindentation

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Abstract

Industry standards require postweld heat treatment (PWHT) to reduce the heat-affected zone hardness of steels such as F22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) and AISI 8630 overlaid (clad) with Alloy 625 weld metal. PWHT results in carbon diffusion and accumulation at the interface between the steel and overlay. The accumulation of carbon in a planar solidification growth zone adjacent to the fusion boundary results in high hardness and the potential for hydrogen-assisted cracking. The planar growth zone (PGZ) is so narrow that normal Vickers hardness testing cannot fully reveal the hardness distribution in this zone. This study focused on the application of nanoindentation to characterize the hardness in the narrow microstructural regions adjacent to the fusion boundary. The development of nanohardness maps revealed that the PGZ is not necessarily the region that exhibits peak hardness after PWHT. The highest hardness values were associated with clusters of M7C3 carbides in specific subregions in the PGZ and also in the partially-mixed zone adjacent to the fusion boundary or in steel “swirl” structures. It was also confirmed in this study that nanohardness has a linear correlation with Vickers hardness values. The results presented here provide new insight into the role of carbon diffusion during PWHT and its effect on interface embrittlement associated with Alloy 625 overlays on steel.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Schlumberger (originally Cameron International) through the NSF I/UCRC Manufacturing and Materials Joining Innovation Center (Ma2JIC) at the Ohio State University. Cameron International provided the base materials, and Acute Technological Services provided the filler metal Alloy 625 and produced the overlay weld samples. The assistance of Andres Acuna for providing instruction on use of nanoindentation equipment is also appreciated.

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  1. Materials Science and Engineering, Welding Engineering Lab, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA

    Tao Dai & John Lippold

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  1. Tao Dai
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  2. John Lippold
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Correspondence to Tao Dai.

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Dai, T., Lippold, J. Characterization of the Interface of an Alloy 625 Overlay on Steels Using Nanoindentation. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 3411–3418 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3444-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3444-1

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