Abstract
The effect of corrosion protection performance of epoxy coatings containing ZnO nanoparticle on mild steel in 3.5% NaCl solution was analyzed using scanning electrochemical microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Line profile and topographic image analysis were measured by applying −0.70 and +0.60 V as the tip potential for the cathodic and anodic reactions, respectively. The tip current at −0.70 V for the epoxy-coated sample with ZnO nanoparticles decreased rapidly, which is due to cathodic reduction in dissolved oxygen. The EIS measurements were taken in 3.5% NaCl after wet and dry cyclic corrosion test. The increase in the film resistance (R f) and charge transfer resistance (R ct) values was confirmed by the addition of ZnO nanoparticles in the epoxy coating. SEM/EDX analysis showed that complex oxide layer of zinc was enriched in corrosion products at a scratched area of the coated steel after corrosion testing. FIB-TEM analysis confirmed the presence of the nanoscale complex oxide layer of Zn in the rust of the steel that had a beneficial effect on the corrosion resistance of coated steel by forming protective corrosion products in the wet/dry cyclic test.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. Bardel, Corrosion and Protection, Springer, London, 2003
P.R. Roberge, Handbook of Corrosion Engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999
E.S. Ferreira, C. Giacomelli, F.C. Giacomelli, and A. Spinelli, Evaluation of the Inhibitor Effect of L-Ascorbic Acid on the Corrosion of Mild Steel, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2000, 83, p 129–134
M.M. Popovic, B.N. Grgur, and V.B. Miskovic-Stankovic, Corrosion Studies on Electrochemically Deposited PANI, and PANI/Epoxy Coatings on Mild Steel in Acid Sulfate Solution, Prog. Org. Coat., 2005, 52, p 359–365
H. Leidheiser, Jr., Corrosion of Painted Metals—A Review, Corrosion, 1982, 38, p 374–383
Y. González-García, S. González, and R.M. Souto, Electrochemical and Structural Properties of a Polyurethane Coating on Steel Substrates for Corrosion Protection, Corros. Sci., 2007, 49, p 3514–3526
G.W. Walter, A Critical Review of the Protection of Metals by Paints, Corros. Sci., 1986, 26, p 27–38
E.P.M. van Westing, G.M. Ferrari, and J.H.W. de Wit, The Determination of Coating Performance with Impedance Measurements: I. Coating Polymer Properties, Corros. Sci., 1993, 34, p 1511–1530
V.M. Huang, S.L. Wu, M.E. Orazem, N. Pebere, B. Tribollet, and V. Vivier, Local Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy—A Review and Some Recent Developments, Electrochim. Acta, 2011, 56, p 8048–8057
A.P. Nazarov and D. Thierry, Scanning Kelvin Probe Study of Metal/Polymer Interfaces, Electrochim. Acta, 2004, 49, p 2955–2964
R. Akid and D.J. Mills, A Comparison Between Conventional Macroscopic and Novel Microscopic Scanning Electrochemical Methods to Evaluate Galvanic Corrosion, Corros. Sci., 2001, 43, p 1203–1216
H. Krawiec, V. Vignal, and R. Oltra, Use of the Electrochemical Microcell Technique and the SVET for Monitoring Pitting Corrosion at MnS Inclusions, Electrochem. Commun., 2004, 6, p 655–660
J. He, V.J. Gelling, D.E. Tallman, and G.P. Bierwagen, A Scanning Vibrating Electrode Study of Chromated Epoxy Primer on Steel and Aluminum, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2000, 147, p 3661–3666
K. Fushimi and M. Seo, An SECM Observation of Dissolution Distribution of Ferrous or Ferric ion from a Polycrystalline Iron Electrode, Electrochim. Acta, 2001, 47, p 121–127
J. Bernard, M. Chatenet, and F. Dalard, Understanding Aluminum Behavior in Aqueous Alkaline Solution Using Coupled Techniques: Part I. Rotating Ring-Disk Study, Electrochim. Acta, 2006, 52, p 86–93
K. Fushimi, K.A. Lill, and H. Habazaki, Heterogeneous Hydrogen Evolution on Corroding Fe–3 at.% Si Surface Observed by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy, Electrochim. Acta, 2007, 52, p 4246–4253
T.E. Lister and P.J. Pinhero, The Effect of Localized Electric Fields on the Detection of Dissolved Sulfur Species from Type 304 Stainless Steel Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy, Electrochim. Acta, 2003, 48, p 2371–2378
T.E. Lister and P.J. Pinhero, Microelectrode Array Microscopy: Investigation of Dynamic Behavior of Localized Corrosion at Type 304 Stainless Steel Surfaces, Anal. Chem., 2005, 77, p 2601–2607
J.C. Seegmiller and D.A. Buttry, A SECM Study of Heterogeneous Redox Activity at AA2024 Surfaces Corrosion, Passivation, and Anodic Films, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2003, 150, p B413–B418
J. Izquierdo, J.J. Santana, S. González, and R.M. Souto, Uses of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for the Characterization of Thin Inhibitor Films on Reactive Metals: The Protection of Copper Surfaces by Benzotriazole, Electrochim. Acta, 2010, 55, p 8791–8800
F.J. Martin, G.T. Cheek, W.E. O’Grady, and P.M. Natishan, Impedance Studies of the Passive Film on Aluminium, Corros. Sci., 2005, 47, p 3187–3201
X.J. Raj and T. Nishimura, Galvanic Corrosion Behaviour of Iron Coupled to Aluminium in NaCl Solution by Scanning Eectrochemical Microscopy, Prot. Met. Phys. Chem., 2016, 52, p 543–554
X.J. Raj and T. Nishimura, Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for the Investigation of Galvanic Corrosion of Iron with Zinc in 0.1 M NaCl Solution, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2016, 25, p 474–486
Y. González-García, J.J. Santana, J. González-Guzmán, J. Izquierdo, S. González, and R.M. Souto, Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for the Investigation of Localized Degradation Processes in Coated Metals, Prog. Org. Coat., 2010, 69, p 110–117
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Raj, X.J. Application of EIS and SECM Studies for Investigation of Anticorrosion Properties of Epoxy Coatings Containing Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Mild Steel in 3.5% NaCl Solution. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 26, 3245–3253 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2770-z
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2770-z