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Role of the Dopants in Improving the Piezoelectric Properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3

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Abstract

Despite the high coercive field (Ec = 7.3 kV/mm) and the high conductivity (2.1 × 10–7 (Ωm)−1) of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT) ceramics, their microstructure and electric properties can be tailored by appropriate substitutions at the A and/or B-sites. In this paper, we offer a comprehensive review of the up-to-date advances on doped lead-free BNT ceramics, highlighting the role of the nature and concentration of dopants on the stoichiometry, microstructure, density, dielectric properties, and piezoelectric properties of the solid solutions obtained after doping. For each composition presented in this review, the synthesis method and the sintering technique of the ceramics are also given because of the well-known connection between powder processing (its morphology), ceramics densification (its density), and the macroscopic properties of the final product. A substitution mechanism for each dopant that explains the role of the dopant on the structure and electrical properties of the BNT matrix is also described in detail. Our review provides knowledge for the development of new solid solutions of BNT.

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Acknowledgments

One of the authors (Dr. Kaouther Belgacem) is thankful to the Taif University Researches for supporting project number TURSP–2020/267, Taif University, Taif, Arabia Saudi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia

    Kaouther Belgacem

  2. LACReSNE Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Carthage University, 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia

    Kaouther Belgacem

  3. National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, P.O. Box MG54, 077125, Magurele, Romania

    Catalina Stanciu

  4. Hydraulics and Environmental Protection Department, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania

    Sorin Perju

  5. National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125, Magurele, Romania

    Marin Cernea

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Belgacem, K., Stanciu, C., Perju, S. et al. Role of the Dopants in Improving the Piezoelectric Properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3. J. Electron. Mater. 52, 4455–4474 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-023-10407-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-023-10407-9

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