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Thermally Stimulated Current Study and Relaxation Behaviour of Annealed Copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) Films for Potential Pyroelectric Energy Harvesting

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Abstract

The effects of annealing treatment on the polarization of copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) free-standing films were thoroughly studied by the thermally stimulated current (TSC) method using decomposition analysis and first-order kinetic theory. The TSC measurement mainly revealed three depolarization peaks, which are known as the β, α and Curie mode (ρ) peaks in P(VDF-TrFE). The origin of the TSC peaks and their relaxation behaviour were correlated with structural, morphological and electrical properties such as ferroelectricity, dielectricity and pyroelectricity. Spin-coated copolymer thin films with thicknesses of 300 nm were also prepared from 5 wt.% solutions. Both free-standing and thin films were initially annealed in the range of their Curie temperature up to the melting point [80–140°C] to increase their crystallinity. A remnant polarization current of 76.7 mC m−2, which gives a pyroelectric coefficient of 31 μC m−2K−1 and a figure of merit FD of 86 μC m−2K−1 (1 kHz), was obtained from the sample annealed at 100°C, where the percentage of crystallinity was maximum and the phase was about to transition from ferroelectric to paraelectric.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the UMRG Programme RP038D-17AFR, Fundamental Research Grant Scheme FRGS FP113-2019A and University of Malaya Postgraduate Research Grant PG026-2015A.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    N. Ahmad & W. H. Abd. Majid

  2. Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    N. Ahmad & N. A. Halim

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  1. N. Ahmad
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  2. W. H. Abd. Majid
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  3. N. A. Halim
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Correspondence to W. H. Abd. Majid.

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Ahmad, N., Majid, W.H.A. & Halim, N.A. Thermally Stimulated Current Study and Relaxation Behaviour of Annealed Copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) Films for Potential Pyroelectric Energy Harvesting. J. Electron. Mater. 49, 5585–5599 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08297-2

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