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The Effect of the Endothermic Reaction Nature on the Iron Ore Pellet Reduction Using Hydrogen

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Abstract

A novel experimental setup for simultaneous weight, surface temperature, and center temperature tracking of a single iron ore pellet under reducing conditions has been utilized. Studies conducted in the setup indicate that the reduction of iron ore pellets in a pure hydrogen atmosphere is controlled by several transport steps inside the pellet. It is further shown that for a period of time during reduction, the reduction rate is limited by the heat transfer inside the sample. Any attempt to make accurate and robust models of the hydrogen based iron ore reduction process must therefore consider heat transfer in the pellet. The reduction is observed to take place in a reduction zone extending along the pellet radius, consisting of a mix of different phases. The amount of the different phases varies with radial position and time, as does the observed temperature gradient between the surface and the center of the pellet. Representative literature data on actual transfer coefficients of this system is therefore not available. Apparent thermal conductivities for the different experimental temperatures are evaluated based on the experimental data and found to be significantly lower than the corresponding value for dense iron.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been conducted as part of the HYBRIT research project RP1. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Swedish Energy Agency. HYBRIT (Hydrogen Breakthrough Ironmaking Technology) is a joint initiative of the three companies SSAB, LKAB and Vattenfall with the aim of developing the world’s first fossil-free ore-based steelmaking route.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Business area Metallurgy, Swerim AB, Isafjordsgatan 28A, 164 40, Kista, Sweden

    Oscar Hessling & Julia Brännberg Fogelström

  2. Research & Innovation, SSAB AB, Klarabergsviadukten 70 D6, Box 70, 101 21, Stockholm, Sweden

    Niklas Kojola

  3. Research & Innovation, Hybrit Development AB, Klarabergsviadukten 70, 111 64, Stockholm, Sweden

    Niklas Kojola & Du Sichen

  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellvägen 23, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden

    Du Sichen

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  1. Oscar Hessling
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  2. Julia Brännberg Fogelström
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  3. Niklas Kojola
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  4. Du Sichen
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Correspondence to Niklas Kojola.

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Manuscript submitted June 11, 2021; accepted November 24, 2021.

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Hessling, O., Fogelström, J.B., Kojola, N. et al. The Effect of the Endothermic Reaction Nature on the Iron Ore Pellet Reduction Using Hydrogen. Metall Mater Trans B 53, 1258–1268 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-021-02405-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-021-02405-1

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