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Extreme Expansion and Reversible Hydrogen Solubility in h.c.p. Titanium Stabilized by Colossal Interstitial Alloying

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06 December 2021 Editor’s Note: The Principal Editor is alerting readers that the original abstract of this article contained inappropriate language. Neither Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A nor the publisher in any way endorse the use of this language.

A Correction to this article was published on 07 December 2021

This article has been updated

Abstract

Titanium and its alloys are very reactive and have a high affinity to interstitial elements. Titanium is one of the metals that forms very stable borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides, and even hydrides. The solubility of nitrogen and oxygen in the hexagonal crystal structure of (metallic) titanium is very high; on the other end limited quantities of boron, carbon, and hydrogen can be dissolved. In the present contribution, we report on a significant increase in the solid solution limit of hydrogen in hexagonal close-packed (h.c.p.) titanium, where the h.c.p. crystal lattice is stabilized by deliberate interstitial alloying with high quantities of nitrogen or oxygen atoms. The presence of nitrogen/oxygen prevents the hydrogen-induced transformation of the h.c.p. titanium lattice to a face-centered cubic (f.c.c.) titanium lattice that occurs if no oxygen or nitrogen is present. The hydrogen content that can be accommodated at room temperature in h.c.p. titanium is as high as an unprecedented 50 at. pct from about 0 at. pct and causes an anisotropic expansion of the hexagonal lattice. This finding showcases that there could be an unexploited potential for combining large quantities of interstitials in titanium-based lattices.

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Change history

  • 06 December 2021

    Editor’s Note: The Principal Editor is alerting readers that the original abstract of this article contained inappropriate language. Neither Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A nor the publisher in any way endorse the use of this language.

  • 07 December 2021

    A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06553-6

Notes

  1. A minute fraction of β-Ti was detected in the untreated material and attributed to Fe impurities in the alloy.[30]

  2. Apart from a minute Ti2N peak for Ti(N) at 39.2 deg 2θ.

  3. The occurrence of the exothermic peak at different temperatures in Figure 1(b) suggests different conditions of the passive film on foil specimens after different pre-treatments. In the course of our research on hydrogenation of Ti foils, we have observed that the exothermic peak lies mostly in the temperature range 470 °C to 490 °C, depending on the quality and/or pre-treatment of titanium. Thus, the different temperatures for the exothermic peaks in Figure 1(b) cannot be assigned straightforwardly to a difference in interstitial loading of the foils. More extensive investigation is necessary to validate such a relation, which is beyond the scope of the present investigation.

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Acknowledgments

The work has been carried out with financial support from the Danish Council for Independent Research under Grant DFF - 7017-00182. We are grateful to Kenny Ståhl, Johanne Marie Nielsen, and Maria Blanner Bang from DTU Chemistry for assistance with the XRD measurements.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark

    Frederik B. Kværndrup, Marcel A. J. Somers & Thomas L. Christiansen

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  1. Frederik B. Kværndrup
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  2. Marcel A. J. Somers
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  3. Thomas L. Christiansen
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Correspondence to Frederik B. Kværndrup.

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Manuscript submitted June 9, 2021; accepted August 20, 2021.

The original online version of this article was revised: The first sentence of the abstract was changed by the authors due to inappropriate language.

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Kværndrup, F.B., Somers, M.A.J. & Christiansen, T.L. Extreme Expansion and Reversible Hydrogen Solubility in h.c.p. Titanium Stabilized by Colossal Interstitial Alloying. Metall Mater Trans A 52, 4997–5003 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06444-w

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