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From uncertainty to environmental impacts: reflection on the threats to water in Chacabuco Province (Chile): a combined approach in social sciences and geochemistry

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Abstract

This article discusses the uncertainty about water quality in the Province of Chacabuco (Santiago Metropolitan Region) in Chile, a region marked by very strong pressure on the resource, both natural (drought) and anthropogenic (urban growth, agricultural intensification, industrialisation, and mining activity). Our main objective was, through an interdisciplinary research approach, to understand how the uncertainty concerning the state of hydro systems becomes central in the social representations of the inhabitants, since there is no consensus amongst regional stakeholders about environmental impacts nor is there evidence of pollution. By cross-referencing geochemical data on water quality and the inhabitants’ discourse on the resource, we identified those factors that create uncertainty about water resources: institutional lack of knowledge of the state of the resource, scientific difficulties in understanding the functioning of the hydro system, water and ground quality data that are difficult to interpret given the persistent drought, and the inhabitants’ distrust of data producers, in a context of planned regulatory zoning of polluting activities in the area. We also show the negative effects that the lack of trustworthy information has on the daily lives of local communities living near industrial infrastructures: anxiety, health concerns, and mistrust of drinking water, even though it is potable.

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Notes

  1. https://www.uchile.cl/noticias/168766/sequia-los-desafios-para-chile-de-un-futuro-con-menos-agua.

  2. https://www.codelco.com/prontus_codelco/site/edic/base/port/monitoreo_apr.html.

  3. https://www.mch.cl/reportajes/descontaminando-arsenico-en-cuencas/.

  4. This is why, our teams are currently working on air quality biomonitoring by studying the kinetics of atmospheric deposition using simple indicators and the exposure of endemic epiphytic plants (Tillandsias aeranthos) for effective and rigorous biomonitoring in the province.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude to the French institutions which co-funded this interdisciplinary "CARE" project. In particular, the project received funding from the CNRS through the MITI interdisciplinary programme (https://miti.cnrs.fr/colloque/journee-de-restitution-ecologie-de-la-sante-aap-2020/), the PICS programme and the MSHST. We are also grateful to the Midi-Pyrénées Observatory for its financial and technical help, as well as the AETE-ISO platform (OSU OREME/Université de Montpellier, France) for some water analyses. Finally, this study could not have been conducted without the precious help of the local communities that kindly accepted to let us take water samples from their houses and/or from wells managed by the Rural Drinking Water Committees (RDWCs) and freely discussed the problems they face regarding water.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Géographie de l’environnement (GEODE), Maison de la Recherche, Université de Toulouse Jean Jaurès, CNRS, 5 allées A. Machado, 31058, Toulouse cedex, France

    Lucie Le Goff, Frédérique Blot, Anne Peltier, Magali Philippe & Martin Paegelow

  2. Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 avenue E. Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France

    Laure Laffont, Sylvia Becerra, Ludovic Menjot, Gauthier Delplace & Eva Schreck

  3. Instituto de Geografía, Facultad de Historia, Geografía y Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile

    Cristián Henríquez Ruiz & Jorge Qüense Abarzua

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  1. Lucie Le Goff
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Le Goff, L., Blot, F., Peltier, A. et al. From uncertainty to environmental impacts: reflection on the threats to water in Chacabuco Province (Chile): a combined approach in social sciences and geochemistry. Sustain Sci 17, 2113–2131 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01127-w

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