Abstract
Aerosols erupted from volcanoes may significantly alter climate because they can impact cloud dynamics, radiation budget, and tropospheric chemistry. The optical and physical characteristics of the Spatio-temporal variation of aerosols and gases' impact on the atmosphere during the recent La Palma eruption have been examined in the current paper from 19 September to 31 October 2021. The result shows that before the La Palma eruption, the AOD value was 0.1 showing a clear sky. However, after the eruption daily mean AOD reached the highest values of 0.7 and 0.56, showing that La Palma had high aerosol loading when the eruption occurred. The 0.4 value Aerosol index was observed. The coarse mode aerosols contributed more to the overall aerosol load than fine mode aerosols, confirming their existence above La Palma. Analysis revealed that mixed aerosols were present over La Palma. Due to the powerful ash plume's ability to scatter sunlight, the high value of Single-Scattering Albedo (~ 0.99) was detected. The maximum concentration of SO2, HCHO, NO2, O3, and CO was found to be 60 mmol/m2, 120 µmol/m2, 70 µmol/m2, 129 mmol/m2, and 50 mmol/m2, respectively, over the La Palma region. The ash plume's trajectory by the forward trajectory and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory dispersion model showed the plume moving in the southwest direction.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank MODIS data and the AERONET La Palma site for providing data. We are grateful to NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the HYSPLIT model. We also appreciate CALIPSO mission scientists for the data used in this study.
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TY made maps and wrote the manuscript. ST conceptualizes the work. IB conducted an analysis and wrote the manuscript. Z.ul-H wrote the manuscript.
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Yaqoob, T., Tariq, S., Bashir, I. et al. Analysis of air quality due to the eruption of La Palma using remote sensing. Acta Geophys. 72, 1397–1411 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-023-01278-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-023-01278-z