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Electrochemical biosensing: from interaction between Epilobium species and DNA to an approach to detect new electroactive components in plant extracts and their effects on DNA

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Here, a simple and label-free biosensor based on disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was developed for the first time to investigate the interaction between Epilobium sp. plant extract containing active compounds (quercetin and kaempferol) and DNA using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The solution of extract was interacted with calf thymus double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) which immobilized onto the biosensor surface by simple adsorption. The effect of Epilobium on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) was then analyzed by monitoring the changes in electrochemical signals arising from both guanine bases in DNA and the electroactive compounds in Epilobium extract. Epilobium content was also detected by using HPLC/MS/MS technique, and the gained results were compared with those obtained by electrochemical method. It was found that both methodologies supported each other in terms of active ingredients in Epilobium sp. Numerous factors affecting the extract-DNA interaction were optimized such as Epilobium concentration, interaction time. The developed DNA sensor can well detect Epilobium extract-DNA interaction in 60-min detection time with 26 ng of detection limit in 50 μL of sample volume with a linear range from 1 to 10 μg/mL. This study includes alternative method that can be used to detect new electroactive components present or to be found in different plant extracts and their interactions with DNA.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University (Project no: TSA-2019-8330).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, 65100, Van, Turkey

    Hasret Subak

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, 65100, Van, Turkey

    Abdullah Dalar

  3. Department of Plant and Animal Production, Yuksekova Vocational School, Hakkari University, 30100, Hakkari, Turkey

    Muzaffer Mukemre

  4. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

    Dilsat Ozkan-Ariksoysal

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  1. Hasret Subak
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  2. Abdullah Dalar
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  4. Dilsat Ozkan-Ariksoysal
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Contributions

Hasret Subak: review methodology, data curation, writing—original draft preparation, reviewing, and editing.

Muzaffer Mukemre and Abdullah Dalar: plant analysis, ethnobotanical analysis, also data curation, reviewing, and editing.

Dilsat Ozkan-Ariksoysal: conceptualization, review methodology, investigation, supervision, writing—reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Hasret Subak or Dilsat Ozkan-Ariksoysal.

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Subak, H., Dalar, A., Mukemre, M. et al. Electrochemical biosensing: from interaction between Epilobium species and DNA to an approach to detect new electroactive components in plant extracts and their effects on DNA. Ionics 30, 1759–1771 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-023-05356-6

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