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Synergistic V5S8/CoS nanoparticles-embedded carbon nanofiber as binder-free flexible anode for sodium-ion batteries

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Abstract

The development of advanced electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is crucial for the progression of energy storage technologies. In this study, we successfully fabricated V5S8/CoS nanoparticles confined within self-supported carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using a facile electrospinning method followed by a sulfidation process. Extensive characterization of the resulting V5S8/CoS-CNFs revealed their unique structural attributes, featuring a one-dimensional nanofiber morphology with enhanced Na+ transport pathways. In addition, V5S8 and CoS are typical semiconductors and have greater compatibility at the interface, which can enhance the synergistic effect in the composite. These V5S8/CoS-CNFs exhibited a remarkable reversible capacity of 201 mAh g−1 even at a high current density of 5 A g−1, along with a stable cycling performance of 165 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 2 A g−1. The incorporation of both V5S8 and CoS within the nanofiber structure substantially enhanced the pseudocapacitance effect, thereby improving sodium storage capabilities. The exceptional electrochemical properties of the binder-free V5S8/CoS-CNFs anode can be attributed to its heterogeneous composition embedded within CNFs. This composition effectively boosts the rate of sodium ion diffusion by generating a built-in electric field (BEF) at the V5S8 and CoS interface, alleviating volume stress during charge–discharge processes and enhancing overall conductivity. Our findings underscore the potential of V5S8/CoS-CNFs as high-performance anode materials for SIBs, offering valuable insights into the design and development of advanced electrode materials for future energy storage applications.

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Acknowledgements

The Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program (Grant No. 2023C04045) provided financial assistance for this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Junjie Dai, Fangshun Zhu, Balaji Murugesan, Qing Zhang & Yurong Cai

  2. Huzhou Horizontal Na Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Chengye Intelligent Center, No. 819, Xisaishan Road, Longxi Street, Huzhou, 313000, China

    Xiaochong Zhou & Wenbin Ni

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  1. Junjie Dai
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  2. Fangshun Zhu
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  4. Qing Zhang
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Contributions

Junjie Dai: experimental design, method research, data arrangement, investigation and analysis, paper writing. Fangshun Zhu: implementation of the experimental process, data collection, data collation, paper revision. Balaji Murugesan: research implementation, paper design, paper revision, technical support. Qing Zhang: experimental assistance, data acquisition. Xiaochong Zhou and Wenbin Ni: statistical analysis, research and technical support. Yurong Cai: programme design, project management, guidance support, final review of papers, funding.

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Dai, J., Zhu, F., Murugesan, B. et al. Synergistic V5S8/CoS nanoparticles-embedded carbon nanofiber as binder-free flexible anode for sodium-ion batteries. Ionics 30, 217–227 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-023-05268-5

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