Abstract
A new orientation of replacing Mn with Ni by sol-gel method to improve the electrochemical performance of Li2MnO3 is proposed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses reveal that the Ni element is distributed in the sample evenly. The Ni-LMO sample exhibits a great improvement on the rate capability and practical capacity compared with the LMO sample. Specimen Li2Ni0.03Mn0.985O3 delivers an initial discharge capacity of 174.6 mA h g−1 with an excellent capacity of 234.2 mA h g−1 after 10 cycles at 0.1 C, and 198.1 mA h g−1 with a capacity retention of 96.8% after 50 cycles. The CV curve indicates that Ni doped will prevent the first cycle from layer to spinel phase and inhibiting the rate of transition during cycling. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results confirmed that Ni doped reduced the charge-transfer resistance and improved the electrochemical reaction kinetics.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Boulineau A, Croguennec L, Delmas C, Weill F (2009) Reinvestigation of Li2MnO3 structure: electron diffraction and high resolution TEM. Chem Mater 21:4216–4222
Goodenough JB (1994) Design considerations. Solid State Ionics 69:184
Ohzuku T, Ueda A (1994) Why transition metal (di) oxides are the most attractive materials for batteries. Solid State Ionics 69:201
Tarascon JM, Armand M (2001) Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries. Nature 414(6861):359–367
Wang Y, Fabing S, Wood CD, Lee JY, Zhao XS (2008) Preparation and characterization of carbon nanospheres as anode materials in lithium-ion secondary batteries. Ind Eng Chem Res 47:2294–2300
Strobel P, Lambertandron B (1988) Crystallographic and magnetic structure of Li2MnO3. J Solid State Chem 75(1):90–98
Meng YS, Ceder G, Grey CP, Yoon WS, Jiang M, Breger J, Shao-Horn Y (2005) Cation ordering in layered O3 Li [Ni\r \rx\r Li\r1/3-2\rx\r/3\r Mn\r2/3-\rx\r/3\r]O\r2\r (0 ≤\rx\r ≤\r1\r). Chem Mater 17(9):2386–2394
Park SH, Sato Y, Kim JK, Lee YS (2007) Powder property and electrochemical characterization of Li2MnO3 material. Mater Chem Phys 102:225–230
Wang R, He X, He L (2013) Atomic structure of Li2MnO3 after partial delithiation and re-lithiation. Adv Energy Mater 3(10):1358–1367
Lu ZH, Dahn JR (2002) Optimization of synthesis condition and electrode fabrication for spinel LiMn2O4 cathode. J Electrochem Soc 149:A815–A822
Ji H, Yang G, Miao X, Hong A (2010) Efficient microwave hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline orthorhombic LiMnO2 cathodes for lithium batteries. Electrochim Acta 55:3392–3397
XianZhu F, Wang X, Peng HF, Ke FS, Lei JH, Huang L, Lin JD, Liao DW (2010) Low temperature synthesis of LiNiO2@LiCoO2 as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 14:1117–1124
Xiang Y, Wu X (2018) Enhanced electrochemical performances of Li2MnO3 cathode materials by Al doping. Ionics 24:83–89
Oishi M, Yogi C, Watanabe I, Ohta T, Orikasa Y, Uchimoto Y, Ogumi Z (2015) Direct observation of reversible charge compensation by oxygen ion in Li-rich manganese layered oxide positive electrode material, Li1.16Ni0.15Co0.19 Mn0.50 O2. J Power Sources 276:89–94
He Z, Wang Z, Huang Z, Chen H, Li X, Guo H (2015) A novel architecture designed for lithium rich layered Li [Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 oxides for lithium-ion batteries. J Mater Chem A 3:16817–16823
Kalyani P, Chitra S, Mohan T, Gopukumar S (1999) Lithium metal rechargeable cells using Li2MnO3 as the positive electrode. J Power Sources 80:103–106
Ying J, Jiang C, Wan C (2004) Preparation and characterization of high-density spherical LiCoO2 cathode material for lithium ion batteries. J Power Sources 129:264–269
Kali P, Chitra S, Mohan T, Gopukumar S (1999) Lithium metal rechargeable cells using Li2MnO3 as the positive electrode. J Power Sources 80:103–101
Gao Y, Ma J, Wang X, Lu X, Bai Y, Wang Z, Chen L (2014) Selecting substituent elements for Li-rich Mn-based cathode materials by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. J Mater Chem A 2:4811
Castro LT, Shojan J, Julien CM, Huq A, Dhital C, Paranthamane MP, Katiyar RS, Manivannan A (2015) Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical performance of Al-substituted Li2MnO3. Mater Sci and Engineering B 201:13–22
Mori D, Sakaebe H, Shikano M (2011) Synthesis, phase relation and electrical and electrochemical properties of ruthenium-substituted Li2MnO3 as a novel cathode material. J Power Sources 196:6934–6938
Francis Amalraj S, Markovsky B, Sharon D (2012) Study of the electrochemical behavior of the “inactive” Li2MnO3. Electrochim Acta 78:32–39
Xiao RJ, Li H, Chen LQ (2012) Density functional investigation on Li2MnO3. Chem Mater 24:4242–4251
Zhao W, Xiong L, Xu Y, Xiao X, Wang J, Ren Z (2016) Magnesium substitution to improve the electrochemical performance of layered Li2MnO3 positive-electrode material. J Power Sources 330:37–44
Amalraj SF, Sharon D, Talianker M (2013) Study of the nanosized Li2MnO3: electrochemical behavior, structure, magnetic properties, and vibrational modes. Electrochim Acta 97:259–270
Dong X, Xu Y, Xiong L, Sun X, Zhang Z (2013) Sodium substitution for partial lithium to significantly enhance the cycling stability of Li2MnO3 cathode material. J Power Sources 243:78–87
Park SH, Ahn HS, Park GJ (2008) Cycle mechanism and electrochemical properties of lithium manganese oxide prepared using different Mn sources. Mater Chem and Phys 112:696–701
Matsunaga T, Komatsu H, Shimoda K, Minato T, Yonemura M, Kamiyama T, Kobayashi S, Kato T, Hirayama T, Ikuhara Y, Arai H, Ukyo Y, Uchimoto Y, Ogumi Z (2016) Structural understanding of superior battery propertiesof partially Ni-doped Li2MnO3 as cathode material. J Phys Chem Lett 7:2063–2067
Tan X, Liu R, Xie C, Shen Q (2018) Modified structural characteristics and enhanced electrochemical properties of oxygen-deficient Li2MnO3-δobtained from pristine Li2MnO3. J Power Sources 374:134–131
Chen H, Islam MS (2016) Lithiu mextraction mechanism in Li-rich Li2MnO3 involving oxygen hole formation and dimerization. Chem Mater 28:6656–6663
Castro LT, Shojan J, Julien CM (2015) Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical performance of Al-substituted Li2MnO3. Mater Sci Eng B 201:13–22
Lim J-M, Kim D, Lim Y-G, Park M-S, Kim Y-J, Cho M, Cho K (2016) Mechanism of oxygen vacancy on impeded phase transformation and electrochemical activation in inactive Li2MnO3. ChemElectroChem 3:943–949
Croy JR, Kim D, Balasubramanian M, Gallagher K, Kang SH, Thackeray MM (2012) Countering the voltage decay in high capacity xLi2MnO3 •(1-x)LiMO2 electrodes (M=Mn, Ni, Co) for Li+-ion batteries. J Electrochem Soc 159:A781–A790
Wang D, Li X, Wang Z, Guo H, Xu Y, Fan Y, Ru J (2016) Role of zirconium dopant on the structure and highvoltage electrochemical performances of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 188:48–56
Yan G, Li X, Wang Z, Guo H, Wang C (2014) Tris (trimethylsilyl)phosphate: a film-forming additive for high voltage cathode material in lithium-ion batteries. J Power Sources 248:1306–1311
Wang R, Li X, Wang Z, Zhang H (2017) Electrochemical analysis graphite/electrolyte interface in lithium-ion batteries: ptoluenesulfonyl isocyanate aselectrolyte additive. NanoEnergy 34:131–140
Pan L, Xia Y, Qiu B, Zhao H, Guo H, Jia K, Gu Q, Liu Z (2016) Synthesis and electrochemical performance of micro-sized Li-rich layered cathode material for Lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 211:507–514
Chen C, Chen S, Shui M, Xu X, Zheng W, Feng L, Shu J, Ren Y (2015) Comparative studies on potential dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of cathode material 0.5Li2MnO3·0.5LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 for the initial two charging cycles. Curr Appl Phys 15:149–155
Yan J, Liu X, Li B (2014) Recent progress in Li-rich layered oxides as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. RSC Adv 4:63268–63284
Funding
This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFB0300801), Major Research Equipment Development Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51327902).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Y., Wang, F., Zhai, H. et al. Improving the electrochemical performance of Li2MnO3 cathode material by micro-substitution of nickel to manganese. Ionics 26, 683–690 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-03270-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-03270-4