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Effects of yttrium ion doping on electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C cathodes for lithium-ion battery

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Abstract

The olivine-type LiFe1-x Y x PO4/C (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05) products were prepared through liquid-phase precipitation reaction combined with the high-temperature solid-state method. The structure, morphology, and electrochemical performance of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), galvanostatic charge-discharge, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). We found that the small amount of Y3+ ion-doped can keep the microstructure of LiFePO4, modify the particle morphology, decrease charge transfer resistance, and enhance exchange current density, thus enhance the electrochemical performance of the LiFePO4/C. However, the large doping content of Y3+ ion cannot be completely doped into LiFePO4 lattice, but existing partly in the form of YPO4. The electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C was restricted owing to YPO4. Among all the doped samples, LiFe0.98Y0.02PO4/C showed the best electrochemical performance. The LiFe0.98Y0.02PO4/C sample exhibited the initial discharge capacity of 166.7, 155.8, 148.2, 139.8, and 121.1 mAh g−1 at a rate of 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 C, respectively. And, the discharge capacity of the material was 119.6 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 5 C rates.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful for the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (B2012203069) and support from education department of Hebei province on natural science research key projects for institution of higher learning (ZH2011228).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China

    Junming Chen & Xuchun Wang

  2. State key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China

    Zhipeng Ma & Guangjie Shao

  3. Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China

    Zhipeng Ma & Guangjie Shao

Authors
  1. Junming Chen
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  2. Xuchun Wang
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  3. Zhipeng Ma
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  4. Guangjie Shao
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Correspondence to Junming Chen or Guangjie Shao.

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Chen, J., Wang, X., Ma, Z. et al. Effects of yttrium ion doping on electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C cathodes for lithium-ion battery. Ionics 21, 2701–2708 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-015-1467-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-015-1467-2

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