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Numerical study of the induction of intratumoral apoptosis under microwave ablation by changing slot length of microwave coaxial antenna

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Abstract

Recent advances in technology have led to an increase in the detection of previously undetected deep-located tumor tissue. As a result, the medical field is using a variety of methods to treat deep-located tumors, and minimally invasive treatment techniques are being explored. In this study, therapeutic effect of microwave ablation (MWA) on tumor generated inside liver tissue was analyzed through numerical analysis. The distribution of electromagnetic fields in biological tissues emitted by microwave coaxial antenna (MCA) was calculated through the wave equation, and the thermal behavior of the tissue was analyzed through the Pennes bioheat equation. Among various treatment conditions constituting MWA, tumor radius and the slot length inside the MCA were changed, and the resulting treatment effect was quantitatively confirmed through three apoptotic variables. As a result, each tumor radius has optimal power condition for MWA, 2.6W, 2.4W, and 3.0W respectively. This study confirmed optimal therapeutic conditions for MWA. Three apoptotic variables were used to quantitatively identify apoptotic temperature maintenance inside tumor tissue and thermal damage to surrounding normal tissue. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a standard for treatment based on actual MWA treatment.

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Abbreviations

c :

Speed of light (m/s)

c p :

Specific heat (J/kgK)

\(\overrightarrow{E}\) :

Electric field (V/m)

f :

Frequency (Hz)

\(\overrightarrow{H}\) :

Magnetic field (A/m)

k m :

Thermal conductivity (W/mK)

k p :

Propagation constant (1/m)

l s :

slot length (m)

P m :

Microwave input power (W)

r :

Radius (m)

t :

time (s)

T :

Temperature (K)

Z :

Wave impedance (Ω)

ε 0 :

Relative vacuum permittivity (F/m)

ε r :

Relative permittivity

\({\theta}_A^{\ast }\) :

Apoptosis retention ratio

\({\theta}_{eff}^{\ast }\) :

Effective apoptosis retention ratio

\({\theta}_H^{\ast }\) :

Thermal hazard retention value

λ :

Wavelength [m]

μ :

Permeability (H/m)

μ r :

Relative permeability

ρ :

Density (kg/m3)

σ :

Electric conductivity (S/m)

φ s :

Slot length ratio

ω :

Angular frequency (rad/s)

ω b :

Blood perfusion rate (1/s)

b :

Blood

inner :

Inner

outer :

Outer

met :

Metabolism

mw :

Microwave

r, φ, z :

Notation of direction

t :

Tumor tissue

0:

Free space

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (NSIT) (No. NRF-2022R1A2C2012470).

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Gyeonggi-do, Suwon-si, 16499, Korea

    Hyunjung Kim & Donghyuk Kim

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Kim, H., Kim, D. Numerical study of the induction of intratumoral apoptosis under microwave ablation by changing slot length of microwave coaxial antenna. Med Biol Eng Comput (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-024-03068-1

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